建筑設(shè)計：布魯諾·斯塔尼奧/布魯諾·斯塔尼奧建筑師及合伙人事務(wù)所Architects: Bruno Stagno/Bruno Stagno Arquitecto y Asociados

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豪瑞辦公樓，圣拉斐爾·德·阿拉胡埃拉，哥斯達黎加

建筑設(shè)計：布魯諾·斯塔尼奧/布魯諾·斯塔尼奧建筑師及合伙人事務(wù)所
Architects: Bruno Stagno/Bruno Stagno Arquitecto y Asociados

在周圍生硬的工業(yè)建筑中，豪瑞哥斯達黎加公司將一片沙漠轉(zhuǎn)化為一塊綠色而親和的工業(yè)園區(qū)。為了達到這一目的，我們運用景觀和不同的建筑構(gòu)成一個空間整體，尺度宜人，穿插院落和花園。為了避免對環(huán)境的過度干預，并沒有將其設(shè)計為一棟高大的“企業(yè)大廈”。

豪瑞公司，是水泥、混凝土及多種建筑材料的制造商，希望這一建筑能夠呈現(xiàn)其建材的可能性，而非僅僅實現(xiàn)某種產(chǎn)品展示。實際上，在對鄉(xiāng)土材料的開發(fā)利用中，體現(xiàn)出了不同的創(chuàng)新方式。比如，建筑中所使用的織物的輕質(zhì)性大大緩和了水泥材料的建構(gòu)；還有輕質(zhì)的建筑構(gòu)件在立面上的使用，調(diào)節(jié)了日照，對于并沒有使用空調(diào)設(shè)備的建筑（僅在培訓室安裝了空調(diào)）來說，也降低了建筑的熱負荷。

依據(jù)土地的石質(zhì)屬性，我們在平整后的工業(yè)場地上豎起巨大的巖石，用于景觀設(shè)計，同時也象征了公司實力的雄厚及其建材產(chǎn)品的堅固耐用。在建造的過程中，對保留的樹木采取保護措施，同時在周圍種植了1500棵原生樹木（果樹、寄生灌木、庭蔭樹），旨在恢復和修復當?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境。

忠于自己的座右銘“設(shè)計大于技術(shù)”，我們?yōu)殪`活的使用者們提供一棟低調(diào)的建筑，以658USD/ m2的造價滿足了ISO舒適標準，而電氣設(shè)備為9.24USD/m2（2004年）。

最終，這座辦公樓成為一棟“光影建筑”?！酰疯?譯）

Amidst the stiff industrial buildings around，Holcim Costa Rica Corporation have transformed a desert into an environment-friendly industrial park. For this purpose， we have integrated landscape with different buildings to constitute an overall space in a harmonious pattern， interspersed with courtyards and gardens. In order to avoid excessive intervention to the environment， we have not designed it into a tall "corporation tower".

Holcim Costa Rica Corporation is a manufacturer of cement， concrete and other building materials. It hopes that this architecture can show the diversified possible usage of the building materials， rather than a product for display. In fact， the development and utilization of local materials has been made in different ways of innovation. For example， the light quality of the texile used in architecture has significantly moderated the construction of cement material. In addition， light-weighted building components， in the facade， have regulated the sunshine， and also reduced the thermal load of the building with air conditioners only installed in the training room.

According to the lithoidal attribute of earth， we have erected huge rocks at the trimmed industrial site as landscape design， for it also symbolizes the strength of the company and sturdiness and durability of the building materials. During the construction， we have taken protective measures for the preserved trees， and planted 1500 native trees around， including fruit trees， parasitic shrubs and shade trees， aiming to restore and renovate local ecological environment.

Devoted to the motto "prioritizing design over technology"， we provide diversifed users with a lowkey building， which meets the comfort standard of ISO， with the total costs only for 658 dollars per square meter， including 9.24 dollars per square meter for electrical equipment in 2004.

The completion appears a "light-and-shade building".

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1 總平面手繪圖/Site plan sketch

2 鳥瞰/Aerial view

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3.4 外景/Exterior views

5.6 剖面/Sections

項目信息/Credits and Data

主創(chuàng)建筑師/Principal Architect: 布魯諾·斯塔尼奧/Bruno Stagno

項目負責人/Project Director: 卡洛斯·阿拉雅/Carlos Araya景觀設(shè)計師/Landscape Architect: 希梅娜·烏加爾特/ Jimena Ugarte

結(jié)構(gòu)工程師/Structural Engineer: 胡安·卡洛斯·索黛拉（FTL工程事務(wù)所）/Juan Carlos Sotela （FTL Engineering Studio）

機械工程師/Mechanical Engineer: 胡安·路易斯·弗洛萊斯/ Juan Luis Flores

承建商/Constructor: RAE Ingenieros S.A.

場地面積/Site Area: 14hm2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 3896m2

造價/Cost: $2，564，800

單位面積造價/Cost per Square Meter: $658

設(shè)計時間/Design Time: 2003

建造時間/Construction Period: 2003-2004

攝影/Photos: 塞爾吉奧·普奇/Sergio Pucci

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評論

朱穎心：哥斯達黎加四季氣候溫和宜人，日夜溫差較大；太陽輻射非常強烈，接近赤道，太陽高度角很高。根據(jù)這個氣候特點，該建筑采取的被動式設(shè)計包括：半敞開的空間設(shè)計以充分利用自然通風；垂直立面裝有帶水平遮陽百頁的窗戶以及水平挑檐遮陽，加上屋頂大面積的水平遮陽設(shè)計，有效地防止過多的太陽輻射進入室內(nèi)；利用厚重混凝土加石材的蓄熱性作為側(cè)墻，從而有效降低太陽輻射導致的室溫大幅度波動等。這些措施有助于在不需要使用空調(diào)設(shè)備的情況下最大限度地獲得親近自然的、舒適的室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境，不僅降低了空調(diào)冷負荷，同時還降低了人工照明的需求，使得該建筑成為一座超低能耗建筑。該建筑在建造中保留了原有的樹木，并在周圍種植了1500棵原生樹木，對修復當?shù)厣衬纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境也是有所貢獻的。

范路：位于哥斯達黎加的豪瑞辦公樓，倚重建筑設(shè)計而非技術(shù)設(shè)備，來實現(xiàn)環(huán)境友好和持續(xù)的目標。在空間布局上，尺度宜人的體塊圍合出院落和花園，讓景觀和建筑融為一體。在材料組織上，鄉(xiāng)土材料與輕質(zhì)織物構(gòu)件的創(chuàng)新式利用，不僅柔化了水泥材料的建構(gòu)，也降低了建筑熱負荷。此外，結(jié)合生態(tài)修復的景觀設(shè)計，也帶來了身體和心理多維舒適的外部空間。

Commments

ZHU Yingxin: Te weather in Costa Rica is pleasant and mild in four seasons， with stark difference in temperature between day and night and strong solar radiation. As Costa Rica is close to the equator， the sun casts light from a high solar altitude. According to these characteristics， a passive design is adopted in this building detailed as follows: semi-open space design to make full use of natural ventilation；vertical facade furnished with horizontal shading shutters and horizontal cornice sunshades， as well as extensive horizontal sunshades on the roof， to effectively avoid too much solar radiation into the room； the application of the heavy concrete and stones as heat storage on side walls to effectively reduce the indoor temperature fluctuations resulting from solar radiation. These measures will help to furthest get close to the natural， comfortable indoor thermal environment without air conditioners， not only bringing down the cooling load of air conditioners， but also reducing the demand for artifcial lighting， to make the building become super low in energy-consumption. The project preserved original trees during construction，and planted around 1500 native trees， with contribution to the restoration of the ecological environment of local deserts.

FAN Lu: The Holcim office building in Costa Rica relies more on comprehensive design than on technology to achieve the aim of being sustainable and environmentally friendly architecture. In the spatial layout， building blocks in pleasant scale are composed to allocate around courtyards and gardens， which integrate the building and the surrounding landscape. Te innovative application of native materials and lightweight fabric sunshade are used. It not only softens the effect brought about by concrete building elements， but also reduces the building energy consumption. Furthermore， the landscape design with ecological restoration purpose provides us physical and psychological comfort in the outdoor space around the building.

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7 建筑周邊的景觀/Landscape around the building

8 內(nèi)院與連廊Courtyard and corridor

9.10 生物氣候?qū)W概念設(shè)計/Bioclimatic conceptual drawings

11 內(nèi)景/Interior view

Holcim Ofce Building， San Rafael de Alajuela， Costa Rica， 2004