VR創(chuàng)變：建筑方案可視化的未來

VR ARCHITECTURAL VISUALISATION: FROM ILLUSION TO REALITY

One of the biggest criticisms that today’s architects face is “what is shown is unreal” and “the diff i culty of project control”. Specif i cally, it involves overall planning, resources integration, visualization and platform construction. VR (Virtual Reality) technology can create an immersive experience both in time and space. As VR technology continues to evolve, a revolution may be in the making in the architecture industry.

Text and photos by Ozzie Au Translation by Leo Model: Laura Caro

“It is just an ordinary morning in 2020. After washing up, architect Laura puts on a pair of VR goggles and begins to work. ”“在2020年平凡的一個清晨里，建筑師Laura洗漱完畢，戴上VR眼鏡，開始了一天的工作。”

目前建筑設計行業(yè)最大的痛點在于“所見非所得”和“工程控制難”。其難點具體表現(xiàn)在統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、資源整合、具象化聯(lián)系和平臺構建。而VR技術恰能為觀者提供身臨其境般的“空間感”和“現(xiàn)場感”。隨著VR技術的逐步發(fā)展突破，建筑學很可能因此產(chǎn)生新的創(chuàng)變。

“Architectural expression” is an important part of the architectural design process. Due to the complexity of hand sketches, architects often present a design in 3D renderings and animations. However, gaps exist between architects and the general audience in terms of the expression, communication and understanding of information. Therefore, the conventional approach to architectural expression has substantial limitations. In contrast, VR technology can render complex and abstract design ideas into tangible objects, which are presented in an immersive environment that clients can virtually experience, enabling them to understand exactly what architects have in mind. This experience also enables clients to move through the exteriors and interiors of the space or make suggestions based on their observations.

VR gives architects a more intuitive sense of the scale of each scene in comparison to themselves, enables them to have a clearer idea of the visual effect of facade materials viewed from different angles, and allows them to experience the change of light and shade over the course of one day so that they can fi netune their architectural designs.

“建筑表現(xiàn)”，也就“成果表達”，是設計中最重要的環(huán)節(jié)之一。由于設計圖紙帶有很強的專業(yè)性，方案的展示通常采用“效果圖加動畫”來表現(xiàn)。然而，大部分人與建筑設計師之間依然存在信息表達、傳遞和理解上的障礙，因此傳統(tǒng)方式實際上有很大的局限性。相比之下，VR可以將復雜、抽象的設計通過視覺形式表現(xiàn)出來，使其變成可見的環(huán)境物體，為甲方和業(yè)外人士提供最直觀的方案體驗，更直接地了解設計師的想法。同時，虛擬現(xiàn)實中的漫游，可以讓用戶自由變換位置和視角，隨時修改觀察。

而對建筑設計師來說，VR可以幫助他們更直觀地體驗到方案中每個場景的空間尺度感，以及不同地點建筑立面材料的給人的視覺感，身臨其境的感知一天中光影的變化，來達到做出對方案更好的把控與營造。

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT FOR ARCHITECTURAL VISUALIZATION:

Stage 1: VR technology to experience reality

At the current stage of its development, VR technology can only help create a different visual experience. VR gives architects a more intuitive sense of the scale of each scene in comparison to themselves, enables them to have a clearer idea of the visual effect of facade materials viewed from different angles, and allows them to experience the change of light and shade over the course of one day. In turn, this gives them a better position to fi netune their architectural designs. By creating virtual, real-scale building plan models that clients can virtually experience, the architects enable clients to understand how a space will look and feel before constructing it.

Stage 2: VR technology to create reality

Touchability will be achieved at this stage. Architects will be able to control, through instructions, the translation of their minds into VR experience, including the control of VR scenes, the control of the shape of built objects and adjustments to facade materials. At this stage, VR will completely replace traditional architectural drawing software.

Stage 3: Virtual as reality

Where there is a thought, there is reality. The ultimate limit of VR technology advancement that we can predict so far is the achievement of mindcontrolled VR presentation, where equipment and space no longer pose restrictions and architects can even compare different design ideas side by side.

However, no matter how far the explosion of VR technology will reach in future, it is human needs that they exist to satisfy. By then, the architects’role will be limited to providing support, service and coordination for clients as well as improving or properly guiding their thinking.

建筑設計方案可視化的未來發(fā)展階段：

第一階段：利用虛擬體驗現(xiàn)實

在建筑設計的現(xiàn)階段，VR可以帶來的僅僅是視覺上的體驗。可視化幫助建筑設計師更直觀的體驗到方案每個場景的空間尺度感，不同地點建筑立面材料的給人的視覺感，身臨其境的感知一天中光影的變化，來達到做出對方案更好的把控與營造。而業(yè)外人士作為被展示者，也只能周轉與每個設計場景，可見而不可及的方案體驗。

第二階段：虛擬實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)實

VR將逐步實現(xiàn)觸感。設計師在VR體驗中即可將自己的想法構思通指令控制VR實現(xiàn)，其控制范圍包括對場景的把控、形體的控制、建筑立面材料的調節(jié)等。在這一階段，VR將完全取代傳統(tǒng)繪圖軟件。

第三階段：虛擬即現(xiàn)實

有思考就有發(fā)生。目前可預測到的VR技術的極限發(fā)展是用思維控制VR進行展現(xiàn)。從此，VR將擺脫器械和演練空間的限制，設計師可將自己的多個想法進行橫向對比。

然而，無論VR在未來如何爆炸和普及，也依然脫離不了人類而單獨存在。屆時，建筑設計的角色任務將僅限于作為甲方輔助、服務和協(xié)調的部分，完善和正確引領甲方思維。

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