周興貴　袁希剛　李平　許志美　袁渭康

摘 要：我國化學(xué)工業(yè)整體水平距離世界先進水平仍有較大差距，缺乏核心競爭力；同時面臨著節(jié)能、減排和降耗等迫切要求。隨著介觀和微觀物理化學(xué)現(xiàn)象測量與表征技術(shù)的進步，以及計算機和計算方法的飛速發(fā)展，開始具備條件認識和描述物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化過程中涉及的復(fù)雜物理化學(xué)過程。近年來化學(xué)工程的研究工作已從宏觀現(xiàn)象描述和實驗數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)逐步轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)ξ镔|(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化過程的本質(zhì)的認識。該項目將以乙烯工業(yè)中的主要生產(chǎn)單元為主要研究對象，研究主要反應(yīng)的反應(yīng)機理和動力學(xué)；流場結(jié)構(gòu)形成機制與調(diào)控和反應(yīng)/傳遞過程協(xié)同機制及能效分析。通過研究分析過程與設(shè)備行為特征，確定和優(yōu)化對過程能效有決定性影響的特征結(jié)構(gòu)。形成基于微觀反應(yīng)動力學(xué)建立宏觀反應(yīng)動力學(xué)模型的方法、利用反應(yīng)-擴散模擬預(yù)測顆粒動力學(xué)的方法以及反應(yīng)動力學(xué)與流場結(jié)構(gòu)有機結(jié)合的過程模型化方法，建立物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化機理與過程效率的聯(lián)系，用以實現(xiàn)過程行為的預(yù)測和優(yōu)化。提出基于反應(yīng)器內(nèi)構(gòu)件結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的流體流動和相間接觸結(jié)構(gòu)化及過程強化方法，包括特定結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)構(gòu)件的構(gòu)建、內(nèi)構(gòu)件及其組合與操作方式的匹配、特定內(nèi)構(gòu)件與其相應(yīng)的操作參數(shù)協(xié)調(diào)等，以對反應(yīng)器的多尺度流場結(jié)構(gòu)進行多方面、多層次協(xié)同控制，到達反應(yīng)/傳遞協(xié)同增效的目標(biāo)。形成通過塔間或塔內(nèi)透熱的乙烯精餾分離系統(tǒng)能量集成關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，從根本上提高精餾過程熱力學(xué)效率，實現(xiàn)乙烯分離流程的單元設(shè)備節(jié)能10%以上。

關(guān)鍵詞：復(fù)雜化工過程 物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化機理 能效分析 反應(yīng)動力學(xué) 反應(yīng)/傳遞耦合 傳遞/傳遞耦合 乙烯工業(yè)

Abstract：The state of art of chemical industries as a whole in our country is far behind the advanced level in the world， as testified by the lack of the core competitiveness. The techniques for energies saving， wastes reduction and consumption lowering are highly desired. With the development of the measurement and characterization techniques and the advance of computer hardware and software， the researchers now have the capability of cognition and description of the complicated chemical process. The researches in chemical engineering field have been transferred from correlation of macroscopic phenomena to description of the intrinsic mass transformation mechanism. Targeted to the important process units in ethylene industry， the reaction mechanisms and kinetics of some main reactions， the formation mechanism and its adjustment of the fluid field and the synergic effects and energy efficiencies of the coupled reaction/transportation process are to be studies in this project to analyze the characteristics of process and equipment behaviors and determine the key structure properties for the process energy efficiencies. The methods of modeling macro-kinetics based on microkinetic analysis， prediction of apparent kinetics on catalyst particles by multi-scale reaction-diffusion modeling and process simulation by combined kinetics and computational fluid dynamics are to be developed， by which the relationship between mass transformation mechanism and energy efficiencies is to be built for prediction and optimization the process performances. A practical way based on novel inserts designs and their matching with operation conditions is brought out to achieve the synergic manipulation of multi-scale fluid field to improve the process energy efficiencies. The novel ethylene purification process by adopting intermediate heat-integrated sequence of distillation columns is proposed. This process would fundamentally improve the energy efficiencies of distillation columns and save energy consumption of ethylene purification process above 10%.

Key Words：Complicated chemical processes；Mass transformation mechanism；Reaction kinetics；Coupled reaction/transportation； Coupled transportation/ transportation；Ethylene industry

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