揭秘NBA地板背后的秘辛。

Tromp through the Iorests 0f the Upper Midwest—think Wlsconsin andMichigan，specifically—and youll run across plenty of acer sacchamm or hardmaple，the kind that makes up 29 of 30 NBA hardwood courtx

雄赳赳氣昂昂穿過上中西部的森林——尤其是威斯康辛州和密歇根州

你會看到大面積的甘蔗林或硬楓木林，而這正是30個(gè)NBA主場中29個(gè)主場的原料。

“This is where the greatest density of that particular specie of maple isgrown，”Doug Hamal；Homer Hlooring president，says“Itis selected over othersbecauseitis harderthan other hardwoods is atighter grained product，andislight in color”

“這里正是那種特殊楓木生長的地方?！被艏{地板公司的總裁道格哈馬爾表示，“之所以選擇這種材料，是因?yàn)樗绕渌材靖?，紋理更密，顏色也更淡?！?/p>

The NBA leans on three companies for all its flooring needs—Homer，RobbinsandConnorSportsHoofing—andthey all source their maple from thesame region，even if floor similarities stop there

NBA依靠三家公司為他們供應(yīng)球館地板——霍納、羅賓斯和康納體育地板公司——而這三家公司的地板產(chǎn)品盡管沒有太多相似性，但原料都取自同一地區(qū)。

The tight grain ensures the hardness of maple，giving it the durabilityneeded to withstand NBA seasons and the 70 or so floor conversions an NBAarena goes through each year.The NBA requires teams to replace the floorevery 10 years although one team has received annual waivers making theirfloorlast 19 years The lightness of the wood helps provide contrast agmnst theball，makingit easier for players to discern its movement Plus，the lighter coloron the floor reflects light better and helps brighten arenas.

細(xì)密的紋理保證了楓木的硬度，使其具有更強(qiáng)大的耐用性，能夠承受漫長NBA賽季及每座NBA球館一年間近70次的地板更換過程。NBA要求球隊(duì)每10年更換一次地板，不過每支球隊(duì)能有一次選擇不更換的權(quán)利，這讓他們的地板壽命最長可達(dá)到19年。木質(zhì)輕巧會與皮球形成差異，使得球員更容易感知籃球的移動。此外，地板顏色越淡，燈光的反射效果就越好，球館也會更亮。

While the maple treesmay start out nearly the same，finished floors candiffer.The flooring strips are typically comprised just thicker than 3/4 of aninck a dimension，Hamar says，that has been around snce maple flooring Wasfirst produced in the late 1800s That thickness turned into a tradition that hascarried through eve nnow.

如果用作原料的楓木取自臨近地區(qū)，那地板成品將會因此存在差別。每塊地板的厚度會稍厚3/4英寸，哈馬爾說，這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自從19世紀(jì)末楓木地板產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)時(shí)就是如此了，這個(gè)厚度成了一種傳統(tǒng)延續(xù)至今。

Maple hardwood floor pieces get graded—first，second and third grades—by the Maple Flooring Manufacturing Associatiort Sometimes those differinggradeshelp to createthe specific look of an NBA floor

楓木地板制造協(xié)會會對楓木硬木地板會劃分等級一級，二級和三級。有時(shí)候，那些不同的等級正是NBA球館地板不同樣式的原因之一。

“If a team wants their floor to belighterin color，we will manufactureout of first grade and there are things in the finishing process to enhance thatlightness of color aswell as preserveit”Hamar says“If there are areas wherethey want a multi-grade look you could dofirst grade in the center and thirdgrade around the penmeter for a picture frame type of look”

“如果球隊(duì)希望他們的地板顏色更淡，我們就會用一級原料生產(chǎn)地板，而且在最后的裝飾階段，我們還會進(jìn)一步做淡并保持那種顏色。”哈馬爾說，“如果有球館希望地板呈現(xiàn)多等級的樣子，我們可以在場地中央使用一級原料，在外圍使用三級原料，看上去就像相框一樣?！?/p>

Not only can the differing woods provide looks around the court butotherfloors such as the parquet pattern in Orlando and Boston or theherring boneinBrooklyn，create a pattern on the 94-by-50 playing surface by placing differinggrades of wood.of course，Boston has always bucked tradition with its red oakfloor.

不僅不同的木頭能構(gòu)造場地圖樣，而且其他地板設(shè)計(jì)，比如奧蘭多和波士頓的拼花地板，和布魯克林的交叉縫式地板，通過擺放不同等級木料的不同形式，也能在94×50的比賽場地上展現(xiàn)出不同的款式風(fēng)貌。當(dāng)然，波士頓一直以來就以使用紅橡木地板的傳統(tǒng)而自豪。

Belowthehardwood comes plenty of company-specific creation as wellwith subflooring systems consisting of every thing from plywood constructionto specialized cushioning systems

硬木地板之下就是各家公司特定的創(chuàng)造了，下層地板系統(tǒng)包括很多東西，既有膠合板結(jié)構(gòu)，又有定制化的緩沖系統(tǒng)。

Greg Pierce，portables manager for Robbins tells that all of his company'sNBA floors use a“resilient package”that includes a cushion pad“Addingthe resilient package helps with shock absorption ball bounce and vibrationcontrol，which leads to better athletic performance，”he says

羅賓斯公司的移動產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理格雷格皮爾斯表示，他們公司的所有NBA地板都是用了一種“彈性套裝”，里面包合一個(gè)緩沖墊?！霸黾泳彌_套裝能夠幫助地板吸收沖擊力、球的反彈性，控制顫動，地板也能因此擁有更優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動表現(xiàn)?！彼f。

Hamar says Homer NBA floors come with a mix of their propnetarycushioning systems and without“The cushions or pads on the underside of thefloor to enhance resiliency characteristics are sometimes opted for，but notall the time，”he says，Depending on the amount of cushion，the NBA floorsabsorb energy Too much absorption means that players don't get as muchenergy returned to them，and the less energy returned the harder it is to run，like running on sand or in water“You don't want the the floor surface to a bsorttoomuch of the athlete's energy”Hamar savs，Some athletes prefera hardersurface for playing their games so they get more energy return”

哈馬爾表示，霍納公司的NBA地板可以選擇是否使用他們擁有專利的緩沖系統(tǒng)?！暗匕逑履芴岣邚椥缘木彌_墊，緩沖板有時(shí)候是可以選擇的，并不是一直附隨地板安裝?！彼f。緩沖墊的多少也決定了NBA地板吸收能量的能力。吸收能力太強(qiáng)意味著球員回收的能量不足，反彈的能量越少，球員必須越加用力地跑動，就像在沙地或水里跑步一樣?！澳阋膊粫胱尩匕灞砻孢^度吸收球員能量?！惫R爾說，“有些球員打球時(shí)喜歡更硬一些的地板，這樣他們就能得到更多的反彈能量。”

As the aesthetics of NBA floors have morphed—two teams Golden State and Milwaukee，even have altemate floors for this season—so has the processof designing To get the mountain scene Homer places on the Denver floor or the cityscape Robbins offers Cleveland，forexample，the manufacturing process includes stmning the maple Minnesota has one of the darkest stains in the league，while Charlotte has employed ahoneycomb patternand New Orleans offers a pelicansil houette.Nomatter the design，Hamarsays，compamesmust always ensurethatwhetherbare，stained or painted，the floor takes the final finish coat—a high-gloss polyurethane used for the most available grip— exactlythe same.

隨著NBA地板審美的變化——金州勇士和密爾沃基雄鹿這兩.支球隊(duì)本賽季甚至擁有備選地板——地板的設(shè)計(jì)流程也在發(fā)生變化。比方說，為了得到霍納公司為掘金地板設(shè)計(jì)的山頂圖樣，以及羅賓斯公司為騎士設(shè)計(jì)的城市輪廓圖樣，地板的制造流程還包括了為楓木染色這一過程。森林狼的地板顏色是聯(lián)盟最深的之一，黃蜂采用了蜂巢圖樣，新奧爾良選擇了鵜鶘的輪廓。哈馬爾說，不管如何設(shè)計(jì)，公司必須保證，無論是原木地板，還是染色或刷漆，地板的最外的涂層必須是一樣的——也就是大多數(shù)時(shí)候會使用的高光澤聚氨酯。

Below that oil-or water-based final finish，which is reapplied everyoff- season，as per NBA rules，also comes plenty of pmnt，with center-court logos averaging 300 square feet in the NBA and city names or nicknames adorning the baselines along with arena names the NBA logo and secondary logos

最后一道工序是油基層或水基層，每年的休賽期這都會進(jìn)行重涂。而按照NBA的規(guī)定，地板上還會有很多的涂漆區(qū)。其中有中場平均300平方英尺的隊(duì)標(biāo)，底線有城市名稱或地名，還有球館名稱、NBA標(biāo)志和球隊(duì)的第二標(biāo)志。

“We have to be 100 percent confident that the finishis going to perform the same at all points on the floor，”Hamar says“We don't want（players） to fear losing tractiort”

“我們必須有100%的信心，保證成品時(shí)刻有著同樣的表現(xiàn)?！惫R爾說，“我們不希望（球員）擔(dān)心找不到感覺?！?/p>