黃明輝
(廣州華夏職業(yè)學(xué)院 基礎(chǔ)部,廣東 廣州 510935)
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多時(shí)滯的非線性微分方程的漸近穩(wěn)定性
黃明輝
(廣州華夏職業(yè)學(xué)院 基礎(chǔ)部,廣東 廣州 510935)
摘要:以時(shí)滯的非線性微分方程為研究對象,利用不動點(diǎn)定理證明了時(shí)滯的非線性微分方程的漸近穩(wěn)定性,并得到了零解漸近穩(wěn)定的充分條件.
關(guān)鍵詞:時(shí)滯; 漸近穩(wěn)定性; 不動點(diǎn); 非線性
1問題的提出
近年來,時(shí)滯微分方程的研究得到了數(shù)學(xué)、物理以及化學(xué)等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)W者的關(guān)注[1-2].研究下列多時(shí)滯非線性微分方程的漸近穩(wěn)定性
(1)
其中bi∈C(R+,R)和τi∈C(R+,R+),f連續(xù)可導(dǎo)及滿足Lipschitz條件,當(dāng)t→∞時(shí),t-τi(t)→∞,i=1,2,…,N.
關(guān)于方程(1)的研究已經(jīng)取得了很多研究成果[3-8].例如,Jin C H、Luo J W[3]利用Banach不動點(diǎn)定理證明了以下時(shí)滯微分方程的漸近穩(wěn)定性
(2)
上述方程(2)是方程(1)中f(x)=x的特殊情況.當(dāng)N=1和N=2,τ1=0時(shí),方程(1)相應(yīng)地改變?yōu)?/p>
x′(t)=-b(t)x(t-τ(t))
(3)
和
x′(t)=-b1(t)x(t)-b2(t)x(t-τ(t)).
(4)
Yorke J A[4]對方程(3)證明了:如果存在正數(shù)β和q,使得
(5)
20世紀(jì)以來,Lyapunov直接法是研究微分方程零解穩(wěn)定性的主要方法[10-15]. 但是,仍然存在很多問題并沒有得到解決.本文仿用Jin C H和Luo J W[15]的方法,利用Banach不動點(diǎn)建立了新的漸近穩(wěn)定性條件,并且不要求τi(t)有界,也不要求bi(t)恒正或者恒負(fù).
2主要結(jié)論
其中bi(t)在區(qū)間[m(0),∞)連續(xù),i=1,2,…,N.
方程(1)的解漸近穩(wěn)定當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)
將方程(1)轉(zhuǎn)換為以下形式:
定義算子P:S→S,當(dāng)t∈[m(t0),t0]時(shí),(Px)(t)=φ(t)和t≥t0時(shí),
(6)
由(4) 可知,存在T3>T1,當(dāng)t≥T3時(shí)
接下來,證明P是壓縮映射.對任意x,y∈S,
根據(jù)壓縮映射原理,P在S中存在唯一的不動點(diǎn)x,x是方程(1)的解,即在[m(t0),t0]上且初始函數(shù)為φ(s)的解x(t)=x(t,t0,φ)→0,當(dāng)t→∞時(shí).
(7)
設(shè)
s≥0.
由3)可知,
從而,有
其中δ0>0,滿足2δ0KeJ+α<1.
(8)
這與式(8)相矛盾,所以(4)是方程(1)的零解漸近穩(wěn)定的必要條件.證明完畢.
3算例
考察以下標(biāo)量方程
x′(t)=-b1(t)f(x(t-τ1(t)))-b2(t)f(x(t-τ2(t))),
(9)
γ為充分小的正數(shù).
以及
令α=0.373 8 + 0.373 8 + 0.207 2 +
因?yàn)棣檬亲銐蛐〉恼龜?shù),可以選取充分小的γ,使得α<1,由定理1可知,方程(9)的零解漸近穩(wěn)定.
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Asymptotic Stability of Nonlinear Differential Equation with Time Delays
Huang Ming-hui
(Department of Basic Education, Guangzhou Huaxia Technical College, Guangzhou 510935, China)
Abstract:This paper takes the nonlinear delay differential equation as the research subject and uses the fixed point theorem to prove asymptotic stability of nonlinear differential equations with delays. Some sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability of the trivial solution are also established.
Key words:time delays; asymptotic stability; fixed point; nonlinear
中圖分類號:O175.14
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
文章編號:1007-7162(2016)01- 0062- 05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007- 7162.2016.01.012
作者簡介:黃明輝(1988-),男,助教,碩士研究生,主要研究方向?yàn)槲⒎謩恿ο到y(tǒng).
基金項(xiàng)目:廣東省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(S2011010005029)
收稿日期:2014- 09- 23