大都會(huì)公寓

THE MET BANGKOK THAILAND

泰國曼谷

項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：泰國曼谷南沙通路125號10120

項(xiàng)目日期：

委托日期: 2003年8月21日

開始設(shè)計(jì): 2004年3月

開始施工: 2005年8月

竣工: 2009年12月

項(xiàng)目規(guī)模：基地面積：11,360.50 平米；建筑面積：124,884,73平米；建筑高度：230.56米

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：WOHA

當(dāng)?shù)睾献鹘ㄖ煟篢andem 建筑師事務(wù)所

業(yè)主：Pebble Bay Thailand Co. Ltd

攝影：Patrick Bingham-Hall

Location: 125 South Sathorn Road, Bangkok 10120 Thailand

Project Dates:

Commission Date: 21 August 2003

Design Inception: March 2004

Start of Construction: August 2005

Completed: December 2009

Project Size: Site Area: 11,360.50 sqm; Gross Floor Area: 124,884.73 sqm; Building Height: 230.56 m

Architects: WOHA

Architects in Association: Tandem Architects LLC

Owner/Developer: Pebble Bay Thailand Co. Ltd

Photography: Patrick Bingham-Hall

這個(gè)項(xiàng)目探索了在熱帶地區(qū)做高層住宅的可能性，并在建成之前就贏得了國際房地產(chǎn)投資交易會(huì)未來項(xiàng)目獎(jiǎng)，目前已經(jīng)竣工。設(shè)計(jì)拒絕了去直接套用室內(nèi)外分隔明顯的溫帶國家住宅模式，而是試著將熱帶低層樓房的一些特點(diǎn)帶到空中，創(chuàng)造出一系列室內(nèi)外結(jié)合的空間品質(zhì)。

建筑:設(shè)計(jì)的靈感來源于傳統(tǒng)的泰國造型，把泰國的飾磚,織物和木雕板等元素提煉運(yùn)用到建筑的造型之上。例如公寓的室外裝飾覆層就是取意于泰廟里飾磚，而公寓陽臺(tái)交錯(cuò)排列則會(huì)讓人聯(lián)想到泰國傳統(tǒng)建筑上交錯(cuò)布置的柚木雕板。

環(huán)境:設(shè)計(jì)在熱帶地區(qū)超高密度的居住環(huán)境下作出了適當(dāng)?shù)幕貞?yīng)，在處于兩個(gè)地鐵站之間容積率高達(dá)10:1的基地上創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)能最大限度利用現(xiàn)有城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的項(xiàng)目。這樣的做法其實(shí)是針對曼谷失控的城市擴(kuò)張和糟糕交通狀況的一種很實(shí)際的解決方案。在曼谷，各個(gè)階層都會(huì)青睞使用公共交通，因?yàn)檫@往往是讓人能夠在這座四處擁堵的城市里穿行的唯一辦法。

公寓樓所有的橫向平面上都有植栽，實(shí)現(xiàn)了對基地100%的綠色覆蓋率。除此之外， 66層樓高的豎向立面上也有布滿藤蔓植物的垂直綠幕作遮蔽。而公寓的每個(gè)陽臺(tái)則有專門的私人綠化。

所有的公寓單位都是南北朝向且有良好的自然通風(fēng)。因?yàn)榻诲e(cuò)排列的緣故，每間單位的四個(gè)面都能獲得充分的自然采光和新鮮空氣。這樣的設(shè)計(jì)鼓勵(lì)著人們盡可能的減少空調(diào)的使用。

城市文脈:在多數(shù)的熱帶發(fā)展中國家里，高層住宅仍然套用著由來自溫帶的設(shè)計(jì)師們多帶來的適用于寒冷氣候的建筑模式。然而，人們在熱帶地區(qū)全年如一的濕潤溫和伴有微風(fēng)的氣候里其實(shí)是更適合在戶外生活的，特別是在亞洲熱帶城市的高空中更是值得推廣戶外生活，因?yàn)檫@里比起地面層有更多的隱私，更好的景色，更低的濕度，更強(qiáng)的風(fēng)力，更安全的環(huán)境和更少的噪音與粉塵污染。

為了利用好這些高空的優(yōu)勢，項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造了如自然通風(fēng)的空中熱帶住宅和過道，全方位的自然采光和觀景，戶外生活區(qū)域，空中綠化和花園，有燒烤位，圖書館，水療池的開敞式露臺(tái)等各種設(shè)施和居住體驗(yàn)。三棟住宅樓由每隔五層就設(shè)置一處的橫向空中平臺(tái)連接起來，這些平臺(tái)上既有公共也有私人設(shè)施，創(chuàng)造了一系列精彩且具有人居尺度的高空戶外生活空間。

公寓的垂直綠化，陽臺(tái)和空中花園為曼谷中心地帶的混凝土灰色基調(diào)緩沖進(jìn)了輕快，深邃，和自然的語言。建筑外墻上鑲嵌著許多隨機(jī)排列的拋光不銹鋼板，是一種對傳統(tǒng)泰國寺廟內(nèi)常見的閃光鏡面飾磚的現(xiàn)代詮釋，將這種生動(dòng)的光彩效果在一個(gè)適合城市的尺度上重新表達(dá)出來。

設(shè)計(jì)為熱帶亞洲城市的高密度問題帶來了一個(gè)富有創(chuàng)意的解決方案，創(chuàng)造了一種新的高層高密度熱帶住宅模式。這樣一個(gè)自然通透內(nèi)外結(jié)合的綠塔概念必將在熱帶地區(qū)替代被玻璃幕墻封閉起來的傳統(tǒng)高樓形式。

This project investigates the opportunities for high-rise living in the tropics. The design won a MIPIM future project award, and is now completed. Rather than adopting models developed in temperate countries, with a strong separation of interior and exterior, this project explores how aspects of low-rise tropical housing can be applied to create outdoor-indoor spaces in the sky.

Architecture:The design is inspired by Thai forms - thai tiles, textiles and timber panelling, abstracted and used as a way to organise forms. The cladding, for instance, uses temple tiles as an inspiration, while the staggered arrangement of the balconies recalls the Thai teak staggered panelling on traditional houses.

Environment:The solution creates appropriate tropical living at extremely high densities – a plot ratio of 10:1. Located between two train stations, the development permits higher use of existing infrastructure, and a practical way of dealing with Bangkok’s urban sprawl and terrible trafc jams. In Bangkok public transport is used by all sectors of society, as it is often the only way to move through the grid-locked city.

The building is planted on every horizontal surface, creating almost 100% landscape ratio. Additionally, vertical faces are shaded by green creeper screens, rising up the full 66 storeys. Balconies are provided with private planters.

All apartments are cross ventilated, and all face north and south. The staggered block arrangement gives all apartments access to light and air on all four sides. The design encourages and makes possible living without airconditioning.

Urban context:Most tropical high-rise housing in developing countries is designed by consultants from temperate countries replicating cold-climate models. However, in the tropics light winds, year-round balmy weather, constant temperatures and high humidity make outdoor living desirable. In addition, the environmental conditions up high in dense Asian cities are preferable to those near the ground – there is more privacy, better views, lower humidity, stronger breezes, better security, less noise and less dust.

To make the most of these opportunities, this project creates cross-ventilated tropical houses in the sky with breezeways, full exposure to light and views, outdoor living areas, planters and high-rise gardens, and open-air communal terraces with barbeques, libraries, spas and other facilities. These sky terraces, both private and public, link the blocks every 5 storeys, creating dramatic yet human-scaled external spaces in the sky.

The building contributes to the urban environment with its planted facades, balconies and sky gardens, bringing cool, dark, natural relief to the grey concrete of central Bangkok. The walls incorporate random inserts of faceted polished stainless steel, a contemporary interpretation of the sparkling mirrors incorporated into Thai temples, returning this delightful glittering efect at a scale appropriate to the central city.

The design is an innovative solution to the issues of density in tropical Asian cities, and ofers a new model for high-density tropical housing. The concept of a naturally ventilated, perforated, indoor-outdoor, green tower is a necessary alternative to the sealed, glazed curtain wall buildings being erected across the tropical regions.

二十層平面圖 20th floor plan

三十層平面圖 30th floor plan

四十一層平面圖 41st floor plan

五十五層平面圖 55th floor plan

立面圖 elevation