建筑設(shè)計(jì)：塞爾加斯-卡諾工作室

塞爾加斯-卡諾工作室，馬德里，西班牙

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：塞爾加斯-卡諾工作室

1 工作室外景/Exterior views

這個(gè)工作室追求的其實(shí)很簡單：在林中創(chuàng)作。要實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)夢，我們需要一個(gè)盡可能透明的屋頂；同時(shí)還要避免陽光直射工作桌。因此，北部被設(shè)計(jì)為透明的，由20mm弧形無色樹脂玻璃板覆蓋。工作桌在半封閉的南部，用雙層原色玻璃纖維和聚酯板，中間是半透明的保溫層，總厚度為110mm。

北部向外的視線通透，南部則是半透明的。這一方面是因?yàn)?層夾板中的金屬懸臂，一方面是投下的婆娑樹影。

這如此純粹的體量卻遺憾地變成一種極為復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)。我們所謂的復(fù)雜是指無法說服一家公司從始至終地完成這座小房子。比如，它在圖錄中的構(gòu)件或許是直的，卻不是按照?qǐng)D錄組裝的。這就讓我們不得不采用“實(shí)施式”的承包方式，在找到施工單位之后調(diào)整時(shí)間表。例如，夾板中的聚酯板由兩部分組成，都是拉擠成形的，并且可以在圖錄中找到。其中直的部分有加固的小肋，而彎的部分只在德國為火車車廂頂生產(chǎn)。我們不得不等待這個(gè)德國火車的訂單，因?yàn)樯a(chǎn)線不會(huì)為我們所需的幾米長構(gòu)件重組——我們可以向丹麥加工公司的貢薩洛·古達(dá)特表示感謝嗎？在此期間，我們安裝了半透明的白色聚乙烯保溫泡沫，以保護(hù)聚酯板的半透明性。透明的部分是用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的弧形樹脂玻璃板制成的，邊緣軋過后可以向板間注入一層硅質(zhì)密封劑。一家公司負(fù)責(zé)彎曲，另一家負(fù)責(zé)組裝，還有一家加工兩側(cè)，即鋼框上的10mm乳白色甲基丙烯酸鹽。鋼框可以由滑輪和配重組完全打開進(jìn)行通風(fēng)。

建筑整體是半地下的，這樣就可以從分支的位置將地塊盡收眼底。雖然分支是最先安裝的，但在后面做也是可以的。所有的地下部分都是用木框架、木板和混凝土建成的。鋪地也是同樣的木板，用螺栓固定，再涂上環(huán)氧基的雙色顏料。

最后，我們又給了它一點(diǎn)一滴的潤色：讓雨滴不時(shí)地敲打塑料——或多或少，或輕或重，令人陶醉。（尚晉 譯）

2 工作室外景/Exterior views

The studio pursues a quite simple dream: creating among the woods. To do so, we need a roof that is as transparent as possible. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid direct sunlight on the drafting table. Therefore, the north side of the building is made transparent, covered with a 20mm bent sheet of colorless Plexiglas. Drafting tables are placed on the half-closed south side, made of double sheets of primary-color fiberglass and polyester with translucent insulation in between. The total thickness amounts to 110mm.

the outward view of the north side is clear and transparent, while the south side is translucent, caused partly by the cantilevered metal beams inside the three-layered sheet, and partly by the dancing shadows of the trees.

Regrettably, such pure simplicity would eventually be transformed into an extremely complex structure. What we meant by complexity is that it was impossible to convince any company to get involved in such a small building throughout. For example, catalogue components might be straight but in reality they were not assembled according to catalogue examples. So we had to contract the work by means of "implementation", adjusting the timetable whenever a contractor became available. For example, the polyester sheet of the sandwich is composed of two parts, both pultruded, and both are listed in catalogues: a straight piece with small reinforcing ribs, and a curved one that is only produced for the roofs of a few railway carriages in Germany. We had to wait for an order by the German railways because the few metres we needed did not warrant the re-composition of the production line –can we express our thanks to Gonzalo Guddat of the Danish manufacturing company? In between, weinstalled translucent white polyethylene insulation foam to preserve the translucency of the polyester. the transparent part was made from standard sheets of curved Plexiglas, milled at the edges to enable a film of silicon sealant to be injected between the sheets. One company bent them, another assembled them, and yet another made the two sides – the 10mm opal methacrylate on the steel frame, which can be fully opened by a system of pulleys and counterweights to permit air circulation.

The whole building is half underground, offering horizontal views of the site at the beam level. though the beams were installed beforehand, it is fine to do it afterwards. the underground parts are all built with wood framework, planks and concrete. Planks are also used for paving, firmly bolted and furnished with double-color epoxy paint.

And to finish off, we have given it a subtle embellishment of nature: letting the raindrops beat the plastic sheet every now and then, creating an intoxicating tone, be it more or less, hard or gentle.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

主創(chuàng)建筑師/Principal Architects: 何塞·塞爾加斯，露西婭·卡諾/José Selgas, Lucía Cano

合作建筑師/Collaborative Architect: 何塞·德·比利亞爾/ Jose de Villar

電氣與通訊/ Electricity and Telecommunication: elsues

水暖工程師/Plumb Engineer: 馬丁·胡埃斯/Martin Juez

金屬結(jié)構(gòu)/Metal Structure: TCI工業(yè)技術(shù)金屬加工公司/ TCI industrial Technical Metalwork

聚酯墻體/Polyester Walls: Ursa Fiberline

墻體、內(nèi)隔墻、書架/ Walls, Interior Partitions & Bookshelves: 甲基丙烯酸鹽工業(yè)公司/Methalcrylate Industries

木鋪地和家具/Wood Paving and Furniture: Bascope Carpentry設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2007-2008

攝影/Photos: 伊萬·巴恩/Iwan Baan

3 平面/Floor plan

4 屋頂平面/Roof plan

5 工作室夜景/Night view

6 工作室可開啟的窗戶/Exterior window opening sequence

評(píng)論

范悅：這個(gè)與眾不同的作品，與其說是為設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)作的空間，不如說是一件標(biāo)榜環(huán)境至上的裝置作品。說它是一件裝置，是因?yàn)樗鼪]有了一般建筑的厚重、牢固、高度等物理特征，取而代之的是輕盈、透薄、扁平等印象。這里，關(guān)于“扁平”有兩種表現(xiàn)。一種是指工廠一次成型的聚乙烯質(zhì)感的薄壁；另外，它的一半體量臥入地下，無論外觀印象，還是室內(nèi)剖透視效果，都非常輕薄和扁平。如此純凈的意境，以及隱入背后的實(shí)現(xiàn)手段非尋常設(shè)計(jì)工藝可及?？芍^天外有天。

戴春：在大自然中工作是很多工作室希望營造的氛圍，這個(gè)類似裝置的馬德里林中工作空間形成了與自然相鄰的狀態(tài)，一定程度上實(shí)現(xiàn)了既保證工作空間舒適度又可觀賞自然的需求。這個(gè)工作室的建造過程給人的感覺是一個(gè)浪漫夢想下的復(fù)雜操作，實(shí)現(xiàn)了將個(gè)性化的定制訴求與那些可以批量生產(chǎn)的裝配構(gòu)件進(jìn)行相對(duì)無縫的對(duì)接，設(shè)計(jì)師對(duì)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過程的思考與定位，以及在施工過程中不斷調(diào)整的延伸設(shè)計(jì)是有效的。

Comments

FAN Yue: This is a distinct piece. It is more of an environmentalist installation than a design for design's sake. It is an installation work because it lacks the usual physical characteristics of thick, heavy and tall buildings. Instead, it looks light, thin, and flat. Its flatness is expressed in two regards: one is the physical character of its single-step manufactured, polyethylene-textured thin wall; the other is the thin and flat visual effect when viewed from both the external and interior. Such a pure artistic conception, together with the underlying approaches, has gone beyond the conventional design techniques. It is indeed eye-opening.

DAI Chun: Many studios hope to create an atmosphere of working in the nature. Peripheral to the nature, Selgas Cano Studio fulfills to a certain extent the requests of both guaranteeing a comfortable working space and being able to appreciate the nature. The construction process of the studio conveys the impression of a complicated operation under a romantic dream, which realizes a comparatively seamless connection between the personalized custom-made demand and the assembling components in mass production. It is fair to say that the designer's ideas and orientations, as well as his constantly adjusted extending designs during the implementation, are quite effective.

Selgascano Studio, Madrid, Spain, 2008

Architects: Selgascano Studio

7 工作室內(nèi)景/Interior view

8.9 可開合的內(nèi)門/Interior door opening sequence

10 橫截面/Cross section

11 縱剖面/Long section