口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)來到咱身邊

去年9月，隨著“渝新歐”首趟原裝進(jìn)口汽車整車班列抵達(dá)重慶沙坪壩團(tuán)結(jié)村，重慶鐵路口岸正式宣告掛牌運(yùn)行?，F(xiàn)在，重慶是中國內(nèi)陸地區(qū)唯一一個(gè)擁有航空、水運(yùn)、鐵路三大類國家級口岸的城市，立體口岸體系逐步趨于完善。

逐步趨于完善的立體口岸體系，改變著重慶對外開放的格局，也改變著重慶人的生活?！翱诎督?jīng)濟(jì)”也從一個(gè)對大多數(shù)重慶人來說的陌生名詞，成為了重慶人必須要重視的一個(gè)大領(lǐng)域。

2014年9月1日，市委書記孫政才在調(diào)研重慶鐵路口岸建設(shè)和運(yùn)行情況時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)，要壯大口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)，加快建設(shè)內(nèi)陸開放高地。根據(jù)研究，未來“十三五”乃至更長時(shí)間，口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)將成為重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的強(qiáng)勁動力和引擎。

什么是口岸和口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)？口岸的本意是指由國家指定的對外通商的沿海港口。這就是說，以前的口岸幾乎都在沿海。但現(xiàn)在不一樣了，內(nèi)陸城市重慶也有了口岸。現(xiàn)在口岸的含義也廣多了，不僅僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易往來(即通商)的商埠，還包括政治、外交、科技、文化、旅游和移民等方面的往來港口。簡單地說，口岸就是由國家指定對外往來的“門戶”，是國際貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)臉屑~。從某種程度上說，它是一種特殊的國際物流結(jié)點(diǎn)?？诎督?jīng)濟(jì)是以口岸為核心，直接或間接依托口岸而存在和發(fā)展的跨行業(yè)、跨地域、多層次的復(fù)合型經(jīng)濟(jì)。

擁有對外通商的口岸是一個(gè)國家或地區(qū)開放的標(biāo)志和平臺。從1980年重慶市第一個(gè)對外開放的一類口岸——重慶港水運(yùn)口岸誕生，到現(xiàn)在重慶已經(jīng)擁有重慶江北國際機(jī)場航空口岸、寸灘港水運(yùn)口岸、團(tuán)結(jié)村鐵路口岸三大一類口岸?？诎督?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，將極大地帶動重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)社會跨越發(fā)展。

然而現(xiàn)在，口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)實(shí)在在地來到了咱老百姓身邊：買奢侈品、洋品牌，你不用跑國外，就到重慶保稅商品展示交易中心即可；買國際大牌轎車，你不用到德國，也不用到天津、上海、廣州港口提貨，就在重慶的團(tuán)結(jié)村就可以提車，而且價(jià)格還能低一兩成；買進(jìn)口水果、肉類，你直接到重慶寸灘的進(jìn)口水果及肉類制定口岸即可……

口岸就在咱家門口。如今，在重慶人的生活理念中，就多了一項(xiàng)思維：口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)?？诎督?jīng)濟(jì)對重慶人來說雖然還是一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域，但你必須樹立這樣一個(gè)意識：口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)來到我們身邊，這不僅關(guān)系到咱老百姓買外國貨、奢侈品、高檔轎車，還和我們找工作、創(chuàng)業(yè)以及企業(yè)拓展等息息相關(guān)?？诎督?jīng)濟(jì)將深度影響重慶未來的發(fā)展。

有專家說，沒有產(chǎn)業(yè)的“口岸”與“經(jīng)濟(jì)”必然是割裂的，沒有產(chǎn)業(yè)支撐的口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)只能是“過路經(jīng)濟(jì)”，是不可持續(xù)的。最近，重慶提出了依托口岸大力發(fā)展的十大產(chǎn)業(yè)業(yè)態(tài)，包括高端制造業(yè)態(tài)、貿(mào)易新業(yè)態(tài)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)態(tài)、現(xiàn)代物流業(yè)態(tài)、跨境旅游會展業(yè)態(tài)等等，這些在未來都會與咱老百姓息息相關(guān)。

口岸經(jīng)濟(jì)，就在咱老百姓身邊。

唐 綱

Port Economy Comes to Chongqing

Last September, as the first Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe train of originally imported cars arrived at Tuanjie Village, Shapingba, Chongqing, the Chongqing Railway Port was officially inaugurated. Now, Chongqing is the only city with national-level air, water and railway ports in the Chinese hinterland and its three-dimensional port system is being completed.

The ever-improving three dimensional port system is changing Chongqing’s landscape of opening-up as well as its lifestyle. Being a new area, the “port economy” is also a key area requiring local people’s attention.

On September 1, 2014, Sun Zhengcai, Secretary of the CPC Chongqing Committee stressed during a site tour to Chongqing’s railway port construction and operation that we need to strengthen the port economy and accelerate the construction of an inland highland of opening-up. According to the research, in the 13th Five Year Plan period and a long time in the future, the port economy will become a strong impetus and engine toward economic and social development in Chongqing.

So, what are ports and port economy? The term “port” was once literally the coastal wharf assigned by the country for foreign trade, which means that the previous ports were almost located by the sea. Now it is different. Though an inland city, Chongqing has its own port too. The word means not only a trading port for economic transactions, but also indicates an exchange port for politics, diplomacy, technology, culture, tourism and immigration. Simply put, ports are “portals” assigned by the country for foreign exchange and hubs for international cargo transportation. To some degree, it is a special international logistics node. Port economy is a composite economy cored upon the port and exists and thrives by direct or indirect reliance on the port.

Owning foreign trade ports are an icon and a platform for the opening-up of a country or a region. From the birth of Chongqing Water Port, the first opened Class-I port in Chongqing in 1980 to three Class-I ports of Jiangbei International Airport, Cuntan Water Port and Tuanjie Village Railway Port, one can easily see Chongqing’s economic and social leaps.

Today, port economy has tangibly come to us. One does not need to travel abroad to buy luxuries and foreign brands, Chongqing Bonded Commodity Display and Transaction Center will suffice. Delivery of world renowned sedans does not necessarily happen in Tianjin, Shanghai or Guangzhou ports, but here in Tuanjie Village, Chongqing with 10% or 20% discount. Consumers looking for imported fruits and meat can just step into the imported fruit and meat port in Cuntan...

The port is already here. Today, Chongqing people have one new idea in daily life: port economy. Though a new area, we must realize: port economy is just around us, which is not only relevant to our purchase of foreign commodities, luxuries and premium cars, but also relevant to employment, entrepreneurship and business development. Port economy will deeply influence the future development of Chongqing.

According to some experts, the port without industry can never develop well, which means port economy unsupported with industry is quite transient and not sustainable. Recently, Chongqing calls for 10 major industrial modes based on ports, including high-end manufacturing mode, new trade mode, modern service industry mode, modern logistics mode and cross border tourism and exposition mode, etc, which will have direct impact on people’s life in the future.

Port economy is right here with us.

Tang Gang