Shuangsuo ZHAO，Lifei ZHAO，Liyun GUAN，Changhong Ll，Runfang REN，Yang GAO，Shilei ZHAOSanmenxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Sanmenxia 472000，China

Yield Stability Analysis of New Varieties of Sesame in Henan Province

Shuangsuo ZHAO*，Lifei ZHAO，Liyun GUAN，Changhong Ll，Runfang REN，Yang GAO，Shilei ZHAO
Sanmenxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Sanmenxia 472000，China

［Objective］This study aimed to analyze the yield stability of new varieties of sesame in Henan Province.［Method］In 2012，yield stability of eight sesame varieties in regional trials was analyzed comprehensively with high stability coefficient method and variation coefficient method. ［Result］High stability coefficient method was a feasible method for stability analysis in regional trials of sesame.［Conclusion］High stability coefficient is the statistical parameter （S and C·V）determining the yield level and stability.Evaluating yield level and stability of experimental varieties with high stability coefficient method is more comprehensive than simply determining the yield level or yield stability，which is of great significance for breeding guiding and trait evaluation.

Henan；Sesame；Stability analysis

S esame is a major oil crop with abundant nutrition，including 20.1%-26.5%proteins，5.1% fats，5.1%minerals，18.2%carbohydrates，4.3%linoleic acid.In addition，sesame is the best nutritionally balanced food that contains five kinds of fatty acids，12 kinds of amino acids and eight kinds of vitamins，which is pleasant to the palate with health care efficacy.At present，sesame is widely distributed in China，but it is susceptible to the environment，diseases，pests and its own habits.Currently，obtaining new varieties of sesame with high yield，stable yield，high quality and strong resistance is the main breeding target.High stability coefficient（HSC）was firstly proposed by Wen et al.［1］as the statistical parameter（S and C·V）determining the yield level and stability.Therefore，evaluating yield level and stability of experimental varieties with high stability coefficient method is more comprehensive than simply determining the yield level or yield stability，which is of great significance for breeding guiding and trait evaluation［2-4］.In this study，yield stability of new varieties of sesame in Henan Province was analyzed with high stability coefficient method and variation coefficient method，aiming at providing the basis for evaluation of sesame yield.

Materials and Methods

Data sources

Experimental data were obtained from regional trials of sesame varieties in Henan Province in 2012.The experimental plots were located in nine areas of Henan Province，including Zhumadian，Nanyang and Sanmenxia.

Experimental design and analysis methods

The experiment in each plot was conducted according to the same program.Experimental varieties were provided by Henan Sesame Research Center of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Randomized block design was employed with three replications in a 20 m210-row area with row spacing of 0.4 m，row length of 5 m.Seeds were sown in drill with the planting density of 150 000 plants/hm2（plant spacing of 16.7 cm）.Aisles were leveled between replications；protected areas were set around the experi-mental plot.Seeds in Zhumadian were sown in spring and those in other experimental plots were sown in summer.Each experimental variety was harvested before September 25.After harvesting，statistical analysis was performed with high stability coefficient method and variation coefficient method.

High stability coefficient method

Crop yield phenotype （P）=Genetic basis （G）+production environment factor（E）.The yield of target variety Ga with higher and more stable yield than control was used as the unified standard for comparison.Generally，the yield of target variety was improved by 10%compared with control（1.10×CK）.With multi-point average yield Xiof the ithexperimental variety as yield phenotype（Pi），standard deviation （Si）representing the yield variability as production environment factor（Ei），Gi=Xi-Si.Thus，yield levels close to，achieved or exceeded the yield of target variety were proposed. High stability coefficient（HSC）was calculated according to the following formula.

Where，HSCiindicated the high stability coefficient of the ithexperimental variety；Xiindicated the average yield of the ithexperimental variety；Siindicated the standard deviation of the ithexperimental variety；Xckindicated the average yield of control.Smaller HSCivalue suggested higher and more stable yield of the experimental variety；greater HSCivalue suggested lower and less stable yield of the experimental variety.

Variation coefficient method The coefficient of variation，also known as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean，is another statistical measure of dispersion of a probability distribution or frequency distribution.In comparison of variation degree between two or among multiple data，if the measurement unit is consistent with the average，the degree of variation can be compare directly with the standard deviation according to the following formula.

Where，CViindicated the variation coefficient of the ithexperimental variety；Siindicated the standard deviation of the ith experimental variety；Xiindicated the average yield of the ithexperimental variety in each experimental plot.Great CVivalue suggested unstable yield and small promoted area of the variety.

Results and Analysis

Yield analysis

As shown in Table 1，among the experimental varieties，the yield of Wanzhi 16，Zheng 0134，Zheng 0312 and Ping 1029 was improved to varying degrees compared with control. The yield of Wanzhi 16 was improved maximally.To be specific，the yield of Wanzhi 16 in Zhangmiao was slightly lower than that of control，while that in other eight plots was improved greatly. The yield increasing rate of Zheng 0312 was lower than that of Zheng 0134；however，the yield of Zheng 0312 was lower than that of control in Huangfanqu and higher than that of control in other eight plots.In addition，the yield of Shang 1，Shang 1608 and Yu 003 was lower than that of control.

Stability analysis

As shown in Table 2，Wanzhi 16 ranked first and exhibited stable performance in different stability tests，suggesting a high yield stability；Shang 1608 and Yu 003 exhibited relatively poor performance in different stability tests，indicating that low yield stability of these two varieties.

Correlation analysis of various stability parameters

As shown in Table 3，HSCiwas highly negatively correlated with Xi，but was slightly correlated with Siand the correlation coefficient was only 0.269，which indicated that average yield and standard deviation were also important parameters for yield evaluation with high stability coefficient method.High stability coefficient is the statistical parameter（Xiand Si）determining the yield level and stability；therefore，yield level and stability of the experimental variety can be improved by improving per unit area yield and reducing yield standard deviation S，which is consistent with the breeding target"stable yield under the premise of high yield，high yield on the basis of stable yield".

Table 1 Yield of different sesame varieties in regional trials in Henan Province

Discussions

The calculation formulas of high stability coefficient method are simple and practical，and accurate results canbe drawn by calculating three values，i.e.，yield （X），standard deviation（S）and target average（1.10 XCK）.However，ripening period，disease resistance and other field agronomic traits can not be identified，and differences among varieties can not be compared.Therefore，yield stability should be analyzed comprehensively by high stability coefficient method combined with other analytical methods.

Table 2 Comparison between various stability parameters of each experimental variety

Table 3 Correlation coefficient of various stability parameters

Obtaining fine varieties with high yield，stable yield and wide adaptability is a common breeding target.However，sesame varieties are significantly influenced by regional factors，exhibiting a poor adaptability.The production of sesame is greatly affected by temperature and precipitation.Thus，the adaptability of sesame varieties should be investigated in breeding and largescale promotion.In the present study， Wanzhi 16 exhibited high yield potential and strong production adaptability.

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Responsible editor:Xiaohui FAN

Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU

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Responsible editor:Tingting XU

Responsible proofreader:Xiaoyan WU

河南省芝麻新品種產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)定性分析

趙雙鎖*，趙離飛，關(guān)麗云，李長宏，任潤芳，高陽，趙石磊 （河南省三門峽市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究院，河南三門峽 472000）

［目的］分析河南省芝麻新品種產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)定性。［方法］運(yùn)用高穩(wěn)系數(shù)法、變異系數(shù)法對河南省2012年芝麻區(qū)域試驗(yàn)的8個(gè)品種穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行綜合分析。［結(jié)果］高穩(wěn)系數(shù)法是一種在芝麻試驗(yàn)方面可行的穩(wěn)定性分析方法。［結(jié)論］高穩(wěn)系數(shù)法是權(quán)衡高產(chǎn)與穩(wěn)產(chǎn)2個(gè)方面的統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)（S和C·V），應(yīng)用高穩(wěn)系數(shù)法評價(jià)參試品種的高產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)性，比單講產(chǎn)量高低或單評產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)定性要全面些，對指導(dǎo)評價(jià)育種具有重要意義。

河南；芝麻；穩(wěn)定性分析

趙雙鎖（1974-），男，河南澠池人，高級(jí)農(nóng)藝師，研究方向：芝麻育種及栽培，E-mail：smxnkszh@163.com。*通訊作者。

2014-12-24

2015-02-10

.E-mail:smxnkszh@163.com

December 24，2014Accepted:February 10，2015