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        化學(xué)

        2015-10-29 08:13:24
        中國學(xué)術(shù)期刊文摘 2015年7期

        封面文章

        化學(xué)

        來源出版物:SCIENCE CHINA Chemistry, 2015, 58(2):192-209聯(lián)系郵箱:Yongfang Li,liyf@iccas.ac.cn

        封面介紹:The cover image presents the formation pathway of isobutanol from syngas on K-CuLaZrO2catalyst.On page 166, WU et al.demonstrate that the introduction of Cu facilitates the adsorption and activation of H2and CO, which leads to an increase in the amount of C1intermediates, and the results show that the formation of isobutanol is further promoted.

        Cu對(duì)K-LaZrO2異丁醇合成催化劑的影響

        武應(yīng)全,王思晨,解紅娟,等

        采用X射線衍射(XRD)、程序升溫脫附(TPD)、X射線光電子能譜(XPS)、傅里葉變換紅外(FTIR)光譜技術(shù)及富集法考察了K-LaZrO2和K-CuLaZrO2催化劑結(jié)構(gòu)、CO和H2在鋯基催化劑上的吸附行為及異丁醇合成活性的影響.結(jié)果表明,催化劑添加Cu后,與Zr形成較好的固溶體,促進(jìn)了CuO的分散,且抑制了ZrO2結(jié)晶,增強(qiáng)Cu-Zr相互作用,提高了催化活性.CO-TPD結(jié)果顯示,引入Cu后,催化劑表面CO吸附量明顯增加,有利于碳鏈增長;H2-TPD結(jié)果顯示,與活性相關(guān)的低溫脫附氫量也明顯增加.另外,F(xiàn)TIR及富集法結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),Cu的引入促進(jìn)了表面C1物種的形成,增加了表面C1物種含量,促進(jìn)了碳鏈增長,明顯改善了異丁醇的選擇性.在p=10.0 MPa,空速(GHSV)=3000 h-1,T=360℃,V(H2)/V(CO)=1∶1條件下,異丁醇選擇性達(dá)到48.5%.

        氧化銅;鋯基催化劑;合成氣;異丁醇

        來源出版物:物理化學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2015, 31(1):166-172聯(lián)系郵箱:譚猗生,tan@sxicc.ac.cn

        橋頭碳上氮雜芳基功能化的雙吡唑甲烷與羰基鎢反應(yīng)

        丁可,孫遵明,李厚謙,等

        摘要:研究了(氮甲基咪唑-2-基)雙(3,5-二甲基吡唑)甲烷(L1),2-吡啶基雙(3,5-二甲基吡唑)甲烷(L2)及 4-吡啶基雙(3,5-二甲基吡唑)甲烷(L3)與羰基鎢的反應(yīng),合成了一系列以單齒,雙齒及三齒氮配位的羰基金屬衍生物L(fēng)W(CO)5(L=L1或L3),LW(CO)4(L=L1, L2或L3)和LW(CO)3(L=L1或L2).核磁,紅外及X-射線單晶衍射分析表明這3種配體表現(xiàn)出了可變的配位方式.在LW(CO)5中,當(dāng)配體為L1時(shí),其傾向于通過咪唑氮與金屬配位,而為L3則傾向于利用吡啶氮與金屬作用;在LW(CO)4中,配體L1表現(xiàn)為通過咪唑氮和吡唑氮原子配位的[N,N'[雙齒配體,而 L2和 L3表現(xiàn)為通過吡唑氮原子配位的[N,N[雙齒配體;在LW(CO)3中,L1和L2起著[N,N,N'[三齒螯合配體的作用.

        關(guān)鍵詞:氮配體;雙吡唑甲烷;咪唑;吡啶;鎢

        來源出版物:無機(jī)化學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2015, 31(2):345-352

        聯(lián)系郵箱:唐良富,lftang@nankai.edu.cn

        氣相色譜-單光子電離飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜的聯(lián)用及在柴油組分表征中的應(yīng)用

        謝園園,花磊,陳平,等

        摘要:建立了一種氣相色譜(GC)與單光子電離-飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜(SPI-TOF MS)聯(lián)用(GC/SPI-TOF MS)的分析方法.首先,設(shè)計(jì)了一種雙層套管的傳輸管用于連接 GC與SPI-TOF MS,實(shí)現(xiàn)了GC與單光子電離離子源的無縫連接.在此基礎(chǔ)上,以n-十五烷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品和苯/甲苯/二甲苯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)氣為對(duì)象,對(duì)電離源的重要電壓參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,得到了純凈的分子離子峰,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)各類有機(jī)物的快速和準(zhǔn)確定性.最后,將該方法用于分析柴油中的揮發(fā)性與半揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物,獲得了柴油組分的二維GC×SPI-TOF MS譜圖.不需要復(fù)雜的譜圖解析和數(shù)據(jù)處理,根據(jù)譜圖中離子的質(zhì)荷比(m/z)歸納了柴油的主要成分,包括脂肪烴、芳香烴和含量很低的苯并吡咯等含氮化合物;根據(jù)色譜的保留時(shí)間將柴油中的同分異構(gòu)體區(qū)分開來.結(jié)果表明GC/SPI-TOF MS法是一種簡單、有效的分析方法,非常適于柴油及復(fù)雜環(huán)境樣品等的分析表征.

        關(guān)鍵詞:氣相色譜;單光子電離;飛行時(shí)間質(zhì)譜;揮發(fā)性與半揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物;柴油;復(fù)雜環(huán)境樣品

        來源出版物:色譜, 2015, 33(2):188-194聯(lián)系郵箱:李海洋,hli@dicp.ac.cn

        封面介紹:Combination of chemotherapy and gene therapy is an effective treatment of tumors which has attracted much attention in the field of tumor treatment.In this study, the effective synergistic antitumor experiment of the combination of cisplatin and survivin siRNA has been successfully carried out in A549DDPcisplatin resistant cells.

        聚乙烯亞胺介導(dǎo)siRNA和順鉑協(xié)同抗腫瘤治療

        焦自學(xué),陳杰,田華雨,等

        摘要:用聚乙烯亞胺(PEI)為載體,介導(dǎo)siRNA(siSurvivin)沉默腫瘤細(xì)胞抗凋亡基因survivin,并與抗癌藥物(順鉑)進(jìn)行協(xié)同抗腫瘤治療.凝膠阻滯電泳實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示,PEI能夠?qū)iRNA進(jìn)行有效復(fù)合,在PEI/siRNA質(zhì)量比為0.4時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)完全阻滯.細(xì)胞耐藥性實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了耐順鉑細(xì)胞(A549DDP細(xì)胞)的survivin基因過度表達(dá)且耐順鉑能力是順鉑敏感細(xì)胞(A549細(xì)胞)的8倍.RT-PCR實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了PEI擔(dān)載siSurvivin后對(duì)survivin基因?qū)崿F(xiàn)了有效沉默,與順鉑藥物共同作用后不影響基因沉默效果.細(xì)胞凋亡實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了基因與藥物協(xié)同作用后細(xì)胞的凋亡率達(dá)到 60.9%,而單獨(dú)藥物或 PEI/siSurvivin復(fù)合物分別作用后的細(xì)胞凋亡率僅分別為30.2%和19.8%.細(xì)胞增殖實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了PEI介導(dǎo)siSurvivin與順鉑聯(lián)合治療能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)有效地協(xié)同抗腫瘤效果.

        關(guān)鍵詞:聚乙烯亞胺;Survivin基因;順鉑;協(xié)同作用;抗腫瘤

        來源出版物:高分子學(xué)報(bào), 2015,(1):127-132聯(lián)系郵箱:田華雨,thy@ciac.ac.cn

        封面介紹:In recent years, conjugated polymers have attracted great attention in the application as photovoltaic donor materials in polymer solar cells.Broad absorption, lower energy bandgap,higher hole mobility, relatively lower HOMO energy level and higher solubility are requested for high efficiency conjugated polymer donor materials.Side chain engineering plays a very important role in optimizing the physicochemical properties of the conjugated polymers.In this review article, the authors described recent progress on the side chain engineering of the conjugated polymer donor materials, including the optimization of flexible side chains for balancing the solubility and intermolecular packing(aggregation), electron-withdrawing substituents for lowering HOMO energy levels, and two-dimension-conjugated polymers with conjugated side chains for broadening the absorption and enhancing the hole mobility of the conjugated polymers(see the review by Zhi-Guo Zhang and Yongfang Li on page 192-209).

        Side-chain engineering of high-efficiency conjugated polymer photovoltaic materials

        Zhi-Guo Zhang, Yongfang Li

        In recent years, conjugated polymers have attracted great attention in the application as photovoltaic donor materials in polymer solar cells(PSCs).Broad absorption, lower-energy bandgap, higher hole mobility, relatively lower HOMO energy levels, and higher solubility are important for the conjugated polymer donor materials to achieve high photovoltaic performance.Side-chain engineering plays a very important role in optimizing the physicochemical properties of the conjugated polymers.In this article, we review recent progress on the side-chain engineering of conjugated polymer donor materials, including the optimization of flexible side-chains for balancing solubility and intermolecular packing(aggregation), electron-withdrawing substituents for lowering HOMO energy levels, and two-dimension(2D)-conjugated polymers with conjugated side-chains for broadening absorption and enhancing hole mobility.After the molecular structural optimization by side-chain engineering, the 2D-conjugated polymers based on benzodithiophene units demonstrated the best photovoltaic performance, with power- conversion efficiency higher than 9%.

        polymer solar cells; conjugated polymers; side-chain engineering; photovoltaic materials; 2D-conjugated polymers

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