重點(diǎn)知識(shí)園地
Unit 7 "It’s raining!
重點(diǎn)詞匯
1. 有關(guān)天氣的詞匯
rain "v./n. "下雨;雨水 windy "adj. "多風(fēng)的
cloudy "adj. "多云的 sunny "adj. "晴朗的
snow "v./n. "下雪;雪 weather "n. "天氣
dry "adj. "干燥的 cold "adj. "寒冷的;冷的
hot "adj. "熱的 warm "adj. "溫暖的
2. cook "v. "做飯
I’m cooking. "我在做飯。
3. bad "adj. "壞的;糟的
It is bad news. "真是壞消息。
4. message "n. "信息;消息
Can I take a message for him?
我可以給他捎個(gè)信嗎?
5. problem "n. "困難; 難題
But it is not a problem to me.
對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)這并不是問(wèn)題。
6. visit "v. "拜訪;參觀
I’m visiting some of my old friends.
我正在拜訪我的老朋友們。
She is visiting Beijing.
她正在參觀北京。
7. vacation "n. "假期
Students in China usually have a summer vacation and a winter vacation. "中國(guó)的學(xué)生通常有暑假和寒假。
8. hard "adv. "努力地 " "adj. "困難的
He studies very hard.
他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。
常用詞組
have a good time "玩得很開(kāi)心
sound like "聽(tīng)起來(lái)像
take a message "捎個(gè)口信
no problem "沒(méi)問(wèn)題
right now "現(xiàn)在
go to summer school "去上暑期班
study hard "努力學(xué)習(xí)
on (a) vacation "度假
make a snowman "堆雪人
in the rainy weather /on rainy days "在多雨的天氣里
重要句型
1. How’s the weather +地點(diǎn)?
= What’s the weather like + 地點(diǎn)? "……天氣如何?
It’s + 形容詞. "天氣……
How’s the weather in Beijing?
=What’s the weather like in Beijing? "北京天氣怎么樣?
It’s cloudy/sunny/windy/snowy/rainy/hot/ cold/warm/cool...
多云的/晴朗的/風(fēng)大的/下雪的/有雨的/炎熱的/寒冷的/溫暖的/涼爽的……
2. What are they doing?
他們?cè)诟墒裁矗?/p>
They are playing /doing.... "他們正在玩/做……
基本語(yǔ)法
1. 熟練掌握并運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)描述正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
2. 熟練掌握詢問(wèn)天氣的句型和描述天氣的形容詞的構(gòu)成。
1) 詢問(wèn)天氣
How’s the weather...? 或 What’s the weather like...?意為“……天氣如何?”,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)天氣情況。 常用“It’s+ 描述天氣的形容詞或現(xiàn)在分詞”來(lái)回答。
— How’s the weather in summer in Shanghai?
=What’s the weather like in summer in Shanghai?
上海夏天的天氣怎么樣?
— It’s very hot.
非常熱。
2) 描述天氣的形容詞的構(gòu)成
一般情況下,在與天氣有關(guān)的名詞后面加上字母“y”,以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞,雙寫(xiě)后面的輔音字母再加“y”后可轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾稳菰~。具體變化如下:
rain (雨;降雨)—rainy (有雨的;多雨的)
snow (雪)—snowy (有雪的;多雪的)
wind (風(fēng))—windy (有風(fēng)的;多風(fēng)的)
cloud (云)—cloudy (有云的;多云的)
fog (霧)—foggy (有霧的;多霧的)
sun (太陽(yáng))—sunny (陽(yáng)光充足的)
Unit 8 "Is there a post office near here?
重點(diǎn)詞匯
1. pay "v. amp; n. "付費(fèi)
How much do you pay for the book?
你買那本書(shū)花了多少錢(qián)?
2. 表示方向的詞匯
near "prep. "在……附近
across "adv. amp; prep. "過(guò);穿過(guò)
front "n. "前面 " "adj. "前面的
behind "prep. "在……的后面
around "adv. amp; prep. "到處;大約
west "n. "西方
south "n. "南方
east "n. "東方
north "n. "北方
right "adv. "向右邊 " n. "右邊
left "adv. "向左邊 "n. "左邊
3. spend "v. "花(時(shí)間、錢(qián)等)
1) spend...on sth "花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))在某物上
2) spend...(in) doing sth "花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))做某事
I spend 2 hours on my homework every day.
=I spend 2 hours (in) doing my homework every day.
我每天花2小時(shí)做作業(yè)。
4. climb "v. "爬
Li Hua and Lily are climbing a mountain.
李華和莉莉在登山。
5. free "adj. "免費(fèi)的
The food in the restaraunt today is free.
那家餐館今天的食物免費(fèi)。
I’m not free on Saturday.
周六我沒(méi)空。
6. enjoy "v. "享受;喜愛(ài)
enjoy doing sth "喜歡做某事(不能接動(dòng)詞不定式)
I enjoy playing basketball with my friends.
我喜歡和我的朋友們一起打籃球。
常用詞組
post office "郵局
police station "警察局
pay phone "付費(fèi)電話
across from "在……對(duì)面
in front of "在……前面
go along=walk along "沿著……走
turn right/left "向右/左轉(zhuǎn)
enjoy reading "喜歡閱讀
next to "緊挨著
重要句型
1. — Is/Are there + n. + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)?
請(qǐng)問(wèn)在……有……嗎?
— Yes, there is/are. It’s/ They’re + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).
是的?!凇?/p>
2. — Where’s...? "……在哪里?
— It’s next to /near /around....
它緊挨著/在……附近 /在……周圍
基本語(yǔ)法
一、There be結(jié)構(gòu)
“There is/are + sth + 某地/某時(shí)”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“某地/ 某時(shí)有某物/某人”。句子中的be動(dòng)詞(is/are)和后面所給的名詞在數(shù)方面必須保持一致。
1. 肯定句:There is/are + 名詞 + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
There is a big supermarket.
這有一個(gè)大型超市。
There are many people here.
這兒有許多人。
2. 否定句:There is/are + not + 名詞 + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)
There isn’t a picture on the wall.
墻上沒(méi)有畫(huà)。
There isn’t any rice in the bag.
袋子里沒(méi)有米。
3. 疑問(wèn)句和簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)
Is/Are there + 名詞 + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)?
Is there a bank near here?
這附近有一個(gè)銀行嗎?
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
是的,有。/不,沒(méi)有。
Are there any pears on the table?
桌子上有梨子嗎?
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
是的,有。/不,沒(méi)有。
How many days are there in a week?
一周有多少天?
There are seven days.
有七天。
注意:在并列主語(yǔ)的情況下,往往根據(jù)第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)來(lái)確定be動(dòng)詞的形式。例如:
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
There are two boys and a girl in the room.
二、指路和問(wèn)路的基本句型
1. 問(wèn)路
(1) Where is (the nearest) ...?
(最近的)……在哪里?
(2) Can you tell me the way to...?
你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
(3) How can I get to...?
我怎樣才能到達(dá)……呢?
(4) Is there...near/ around here/ in the neighborhood?
附近有……嗎?
(5) Which is the way to...?
哪條是去……的路?
2. 指路
(1) Go straight down/ along this street/ road.
沿著這條街/路一直走。
(2) Turn left/ right at the second crossing.
在第二個(gè)路口向左/右轉(zhuǎn)。
(3) You will find it on your right/ left.
你會(huì)在你右邊/左邊看見(jiàn)它。
(4) It is about one hundred meters from here.
離這里大約一百米遠(yuǎn)。
(5) It’s down/ on Bridge Street.
它就在大橋街上。
(6) Turn right at New Park. / Turn left on Center Street.
在新公園向右轉(zhuǎn)。/在中央大街向左轉(zhuǎn)。
(7) When you see a park, turn right/ left.
當(dāng)你看見(jiàn)一個(gè)公園時(shí),向右/左轉(zhuǎn)。
(8) It’s on the left/ on your left/ on Jim’s left.
它就在左邊/在你的左邊/在吉姆的左邊。
(9) It’s on the left/ right of the house.
它在這座房子的左邊/右邊。
(10) Go across the street/ road/ bridge.
穿過(guò)街道/道路/橋梁走。
Unit 9 "What does he look like?
重點(diǎn)詞匯
1. 有關(guān)外貌的詞匯
curly "adj. "卷曲的 straight "adj. "直的
tall "adj. "高的 medium "adj. "中等的
height "n. "高度 thin "adj. "瘦的
heavy "adj. "重的 build "n. 身材
little "adj. "小的 handsome "adj. "英俊的
nose "n. "鼻子 mouth "n. "嘴
face "n. "臉 eye "n. "眼睛
2. glasses "n. "(pl.) 眼鏡
He wears a pair of black glasses.
他戴著一副黑色的眼鏡。
3. put "v. "放;擺
She puts her children to the bed.
她安排孩子們睡覺(jué)。
4. way "n. "道路;方式
Freezing isn’t a bad way of saving food.
冷凍不失為保存食品的一種方法。
the way to... "去……的路
This is the way to our school.
這就是去我們學(xué)校的路。
5. real "adj. "真正的;真實(shí)的
In the end, the real criminal is a short and heavy man.
最后,真正的罪犯是一個(gè)個(gè)子矮小,身材臃腫的男子。
常用詞組
curly/short/straight/long hair "卷/短/直/長(zhǎng)發(fā)
medium height/build "中等高度/身材
round/long face "圓/長(zhǎng)臉
blonde hair "金黃色的頭發(fā)
in the same way "以同樣的方式
in the end "最后;終于
wear glasses "戴眼鏡
first of all "首先
重要句型
1. What does he look like? = What is he like? "他長(zhǎng)什么樣?
在描述某人的外貌特征時(shí),名詞前用have/has,形容詞前用be動(dòng)詞。
— What do they look like?
他們長(zhǎng)什么樣?
— They are of medium build.
他們中等身材。
2. Sb be going to do sth "計(jì)劃、打算做某事
I’m going to do my homework tomorrow.
我打算明天做作業(yè)。
基本語(yǔ)法
一、詢問(wèn)及描述外貌
1. 詢問(wèn)外貌的句型
What do/ does sb look like? "……長(zhǎng)什么樣?
2. 描述外貌的句型
He /She is tall /short /thin /heavy...
他/她高/矮/瘦/胖……。
He /She is of medium build /height.
他/她中等身材/高度。
He /She has long /short /curly /straight...hair.
他/她長(zhǎng)/短/卷/直發(fā)。
二、描述性形容詞
1. 描述外貌的形容詞
描述身高:short (矮的),medium (中等的),tall (高的)……
描述體形:thin (瘦的),fat (胖的),heavy (重的),medium (中等的)……
描述頭發(fā):short (短的),long (長(zhǎng)的),straight (直的),curly (卷曲的),bald (禿頭的)……
描述顏色:brown (棕色的),blonde (金發(fā)的),black (黑色的),grey (灰白色的)……
2. 多個(gè)形容詞的排列順序
(1) 形容詞的位置取決于它與這一名詞關(guān)系的密切程度,關(guān)系密切的形容詞離名詞近。其基本順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~(冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞、數(shù)詞等)+ 表示觀點(diǎn)的描述性形容詞 + 形狀、大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低 + 年齡、新舊 + 顏色 + 國(guó)籍、地區(qū) + 物質(zhì)材料 + 中心詞。
She has a big round face.
她有一張又大又圓的臉。
My father wants to buy an expensive new Chinese sports car. 我的父親想買一輛昂貴的新型國(guó)產(chǎn)跑車。
(2) 口訣記憶:
觀點(diǎn)形狀及大小,年齡顏色后跟走;
產(chǎn)地材料和用途,先后順序已排清。
三、選擇疑問(wèn)句
提供兩種或兩種以上的情況,要求對(duì)方選擇一種情況的疑問(wèn)句叫選擇疑問(wèn)句。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“一般疑問(wèn)句 + or + 一般疑問(wèn)句的簡(jiǎn)略形式”?;卮饡r(shí)不能用Yes或No,要用完整的句子作答。
— Does he have a round face or a long face?
— He has a round face.
— 他長(zhǎng)著圓臉還是長(zhǎng)臉?
— 他長(zhǎng)著圓臉。