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The Global Initiative and Save the Children have published a new report， “Cruel， inhuman and degrading： ending corporal punishment in penal systems for children”， for the 2015 World Congress on Juvenile Justice， that was held in Geneva 26-30 January 2015.

The report identifies states in which corporal punishment of children remains lawful in penal systems and immediate opportunities for achieving prohibition of these barbaric practices， and describes international and national advocacy for abolition.

This report documents that 38 states， which include just under 40% of the world’s children， have not fully prohibited the sentencing of children to corporal punishment by their courts and 67 states have not prohibited violent punishment of children in penal institutions.

全球倡議和拯救兒童組織發(fā)表了一份新的報(bào)告，“殘忍、不人道、有辱人格：將結(jié)束刑罰系統(tǒng)中針對(duì)孩子的體罰”，這是2015年1月26日至30日于日內(nèi)瓦召開的世界少年司法大會(huì)得出的成果。

該報(bào)告指出在一些國(guó)家，刑罰系統(tǒng)中針對(duì)孩子的體罰依然合法，而現(xiàn)在正有機(jī)會(huì)禁止這些野蠻的行為，而國(guó)家及國(guó)際社會(huì)也正在倡導(dǎo)廢除。

該報(bào)告指出，在有世界40%兒童的38個(gè)國(guó)家中，沒有完全廢除法院針對(duì)孩子的體罰，有67個(gè)國(guó)家沒有廢除刑事監(jiān)禁對(duì)于孩子的體罰。

“ How can these states， 25 years after adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child， continue to ignore their international obligations and maintain these barbaric practices？ For many children， I fear we are barely at the starting point in respecting their human dignity： we must all redouble explicit advocacy.” Says Professor Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro， the Independent Expert who led the UN Secretary General’s Study on Violence against Children. He adds that “The vision of a world in which violent punishment of children is universally condemned and prohibited is now within our grasp. We cannot let more generations of children suffer these obvious and deliberate violations of their rights. We must not keep children waiting.”

“Among the 78 states where corporal punishment is currently lawful in the penal system， at least 49 are undergoing processes of law reform which provide immediate opportunities for enacting prohibiting legislation.” Of the 38 states where corporal punishment is lawful as a sentence for crime， there are immediate opportunities for its abolition in 26.

“為什么這些國(guó)家，在采用兒童權(quán)利公約25年后，仍舊無視其國(guó)際義務(wù)并繼續(xù)施行這些殘酷行為？對(duì)于很多孩子來說，恐怕我們幾乎還停留在尊重其人格的起點(diǎn)：我們必須加大宣傳力度?！鳖I(lǐng)導(dǎo)聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)關(guān)于針對(duì)兒童暴力問題研究的Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro教授說。他補(bǔ)充說，“世界的愿景是針對(duì)孩子的暴力行為被全世界所譴責(zé)，而能否廢止則掌握在我們手中。我不能讓更多孩子的權(quán)利被明顯且故意的違反。我們不能再讓孩子們等待了?！?/p>

“在78個(gè)體罰仍合法的國(guó)家中，至少有49個(gè)正在進(jìn)行法律改革以提供即時(shí)的機(jī)會(huì)制定禁止立法。”在38個(gè)體罰被視為犯罪的國(guó)家中，有26個(gè)國(guó)家正提供即時(shí)機(jī)會(huì)來禁止該行為。

In many states， efforts are under way to develop juvenile justice systems aimed at fulfilling the range of obligations under human rights law which require sensitive and respectful treatment of children in conflict with the law. It is imperative that the legislation underpinning such systems includes prohibition of corporal punishment， both as a sentence of the courts and as a disciplinary measure in penal institutions. Prohibiting corporal punishment of children in penal systems – as in other settings – is an immediate human rights obligation; it does not depend on the enactment of a comprehensive juvenile justice law but can be fulfilled whenever relevant laws are under review or being drafted， including constitutions， criminal codes and general laws relating to child protection or child rights.

The report also highlights the unethical involvement of medical practitioners in penal corporal punishment of children. In many states， the law requires medical practitioners to be involved in the administration of corporal punishment as a sentence for crime. For example， doctors may be required to examine victims before whipping， flogging or caning and assess their “fitness” to be punished， to witness the administration of the punishment and to examine victims after the punishment. In some cases doctors are required to perform amputation of limbs.

很多國(guó)家正在完善青少年司法系統(tǒng)，旨在履行人權(quán)法的義務(wù)范圍，這要求以敏感且尊重的方式對(duì)待違反法律的孩子。此前體罰是作為法庭宣判的懲罰方式以及刑罰制度的處分方式，現(xiàn)在改為實(shí)行禁止體罰的司法系統(tǒng)是很有必要的。廢除刑罰系統(tǒng)或是其他系統(tǒng)中針對(duì)孩子的體罰，是直接尊重人權(quán)的方式;它不需要制定一個(gè)全面的少年司法法律，而是可以通過相關(guān)法律的審查和起草得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，包括憲法、以及與兒童保護(hù)、兒童權(quán)利相關(guān)的刑法、普通法。

該報(bào)告還強(qiáng)調(diào)了醫(yī)師參與針對(duì)孩子的體罰的不道德行為。很多國(guó)家的法律要求醫(yī)師參與整個(gè)刑罰的實(shí)施過程。比如，醫(yī)生會(huì)在受害者被鞭打之前檢查其身體狀況，以評(píng)估其“健康程度”是否可以被懲罰，并參與目睹整個(gè)體罰實(shí)施過程，結(jié)束后再對(duì)其進(jìn)行檢查。在一些案件中，醫(yī)師會(huì)被要求實(shí)施肢干截除。