亚洲免费av电影一区二区三区,日韩爱爱视频,51精品视频一区二区三区,91视频爱爱,日韩欧美在线播放视频,中文字幕少妇AV,亚洲电影中文字幕,久久久久亚洲av成人网址,久久综合视频网站,国产在线不卡免费播放

        ?

        公務機真的燒錢嗎?

        2015-01-01 00:00:00高鳴怡
        私人飛機 2015年1期

        在人們的理解中,公務機是最燒錢的交通工具,是富豪們燒錢的大玩具。

        可有些時候,這種想法也會被顛覆,特別是對于企業(yè),一旦其選購了適合自己的公務機,在使用公務機時做到合理配置,公務機的使用成本也許會低到不可思議。有時候,企業(yè)在使用公務機時不僅不燒錢,甚至還能直接為企業(yè)盈利。

        下面就請看企業(yè)是如何將公務機使用成本降到最低,甚至利用它盈利的。

        Business Jet is often perceived to be the most “money-burning” transport vehicle.

        But it is not always the case. If a company selects the right jet and deploys it in the right way, it can reduce its cost to the minimum, or even make it profitable.

        Business Jet, Not Always a “Money-Burning” Toy

        公務機不僅是燒錢玩具?

        當企業(yè)家們乘坐私人飛機飛來飛去時,他們的“座駕”將為企業(yè)帶來巨額的花銷。人人都說公務機使用得當,將為企業(yè)帶來利潤,可看著一摞又一摞賬單,人們不禁要問:這些花銷究竟怎么給企業(yè)帶來效益呢?

        對于公務機為企業(yè)盈利的方法,人們或許還不甚了解,但這個結論還是有依據的。全球著名的安達信會計師事務所曾做過一項《公務航空的效應研究》,結果顯示在1986~1996年間,在美國有實力的大企業(yè)中,與不使用公務機的公司相比,使用公務機的公司的銷售額平均多增長了7%,股票每股平均收益較前者多出30%。那么,這些公務機帶來的績效究竟從何而來呢?

        一架公務機,能讓企業(yè)少繳多少稅?

        買一架公務機,不僅能方便企業(yè)高管出行,還能令企業(yè)少繳巨額的稅款。這聽起來有點莫名其妙,但卻是個顯而易見的事實。

        公務機作為企業(yè)的固定資產,擁有7年的折舊期。在這7年間,公務機每年將折舊12.5%,這筆折舊費會計入企業(yè)成本,成為企業(yè)利潤表中的減項。例如某企業(yè)以2100萬美元購買了一架賽斯納中型公務機,以每年的12.5%的折舊率計算,每年折舊費為262.5萬美元,折合成人民幣大約為1800萬元,按照25%計算所得稅,每年可以合理避稅約450萬元人民幣。7年之后,這架大約1.3億元人民幣的公務機能夠為企業(yè)節(jié)約稅款3150萬元。這還不包括7年來飛機托管、使用費用計入公司成本后沖抵的所得稅。

        7年后,這架飛機雖然在財務上已折舊完畢,但在成熟的二手飛機市場上或許能賣出你意想不到的高價。所以一架為企業(yè)服役七八年的公務機,除去抵扣的稅款以及在二手飛機市場的銷售所得,它實際耗費的企業(yè)成本可以很低。

        美國公務航空協(xié)會一份財務報告分析曾舉過一個案例,一架灣流IV公務機5年內為一家公司節(jié)稅1256萬美元,而它的實際價值和固定開支只有約650萬美元,換言之,這家公務機在充分使用后,還為公司帶來了606萬美元的收益。

        所以說,如果選擇保值性較好的機型,從抵扣稅款方面公務機就能為企業(yè)節(jié)約許多成本。當然,這僅僅是公務機為企業(yè)盈利的開端,還有很多方面能夠進一步降低企業(yè)使用公務機的成本。

        移動的廣告牌

        旺旺集團將公司價值2億元人民幣的灣流G200公務機涂上了旺旺牛奶罐一樣的紅色,機身上標著公司的LOGO,無論飛到哪里,人們都知道它是旺旺的公務機。在北京和上海的機場,隨便租一塊廣告牌,一年最少也要七八十萬元,而一架在全國大城市飛來飛去的公務機,它吸引眼球的程度絕對高于普通的廣告牌。從視覺宣傳的角度,一架公務機每年可以為企業(yè)節(jié)約近百萬的廣告費。而這僅僅是浮在表面、可以具體核算的廣告價值。

        公務機是當今最先進的私用交通工具,并非一般企業(yè)能夠擁有,一旦擁有了公務機,無疑是對一家企業(yè)經濟實力堅挺地背書。從展現(xiàn)實力的角度,媒體對某企業(yè)購買公務機的新聞做一次集中報道,或許比企業(yè)在某些平媒投入一年的廣告費用更令人印象深刻。畢竟從證明企業(yè)實力的角度,擁有公務機比做廣告更客觀。

        近幾年,許家印的空客A319、王健林的灣流G550、郭廣昌的達索獵鷹7X都頻頻成為新聞媒體的焦點。而企業(yè)高層乘坐自己的公務機出訪,無論對方是內商還是外商,都將因你的企業(yè)擁有專用公務機而刮目相看。這一點從王健林和湯姆·克魯斯夫婦的那次會面就體現(xiàn)得很明顯。

        不論機身LOGO宣傳,還是公務機帶來的隱性廣告效益,它每年至少能為企業(yè)帶來數(shù)百萬元的廣告價值。隨著時間的推移,廣告價值會隨新聞性減弱而漸漸下降,但以10年計算,一架公務機最少也會為企業(yè)帶來上千萬的廣告價值。對于一架一億元人民幣左右的中型公務機,廣告價值加上抵扣稅款以及二手機銷售所得,理想狀態(tài)下,可以占到其購機成本的一大半。

        公務機如何提升企業(yè)凝聚力?

        安達信會計師事務所的《公務航空的效應研究》中提到,公務機能夠極大地提升企業(yè)凝聚力。前面提到了抵稅、廣告價值,這些大概都能折算成真金白銀,而公務機在提升企業(yè)凝聚力方面如何帶來顯而易見的效益呢?

        在購買公務機之前,有實力的企業(yè)家當然可以包機出行。不過不論在中國還是美國,面對不菲的租金,一般老板只會在自己帶隊出行時才肯包機。所以說,包機服務更多是針對企業(yè)老板,而非整個企業(yè)。這一點在當今中國企業(yè)界尤為明顯。

        不過,一旦企業(yè)擁有了自己的公務機,老板無疑希望它為本企業(yè)提供的服務越多越好。這就像企業(yè)買車一樣,跑得越勤,利用率越高。所以,此時老板自然會放寬乘用公務機的尺度,企業(yè)高層領導團隊緊急商務出行一般都可以享用,公務機不再僅僅是極少數(shù)人的特權。其結果,企業(yè)領導團隊整體工作效率都會得到提高,企業(yè)對高層領導團隊成員的吸引力也會提升,在經常乘用公務機旅行途中,團隊成員之間的對話交流良好機會更多,氛圍會更輕松,整個團隊的凝聚力會提升。正因如此,安達信得出了公務機能夠極大提升企業(yè)凝聚力的結論。而且安達信的報告認為,尤其對于上升階段的企業(yè),公務機對穩(wěn)定團隊,提升企業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展力有著非常積極的作用,而這種作用是難以用金錢來衡量的。

        當然,要實現(xiàn)這種“公務機共享”是有前提的,那就是企業(yè)擁有公務機的運營成本不能太高。如果企業(yè)擁有的是空客A319、灣流G550、達索獵鷹7X、環(huán)球快車6000這類超大型公務機,這些大家伙一次能搭載近20人(一般高管出行無論如何也坐不滿),飛一次要消耗數(shù)十萬元人民幣,要實現(xiàn)企業(yè)核心團隊共享無疑成本太高。所以,這些受中國企業(yè)家青睞的大機型帶有明顯的個人私有性。而在美國,知名企業(yè)首選的常常是運營成本低、一次載客7至8人的中型公務機。這樣的公務機飛得越多,邊際成本越低,為企業(yè)帶來的效益越高。

        When business owners fly around on business jets, their jets are incurring huge cost for their companies. But does their investment pay off? According to a study by Arthur Andersen LLP — Business Aviation in Today’s Economy, between 1986-1996, business jet operating companies showed an average 7% more sales and 30% higher earnings per share than non-operators. So how could the “money-burning” business jet generate profit for a company?

        Reduce Tax

        Apart from improving travel efficiency, a business jet could help a company legally reduce income tax, which is the top reason most companies decide to purchase a business jet.

        As fixed asset, a business jet could enjoy a 7-year depreciation period, during which, the annual depreciation will be accounted into operating cost, therefore reducing the amount of revenue to be taxed. Take a USD 21 million medium-sized Cessna for example. Depreciated at 12.5% a year, it could add USD 2.625 million, or RMB 18 million, to cost, saving around RMB 4.5 million a year if income tax is 25%. If the business jet management fee could also be accounted into cost, it could further drive down company income tax.

        According to a financial analysis of the National Business Aviation Association (NBAA), a Gulfstream IV could save a company USD 12.56 million of tax in 5 years while its cost of purchase and operation is only 6.5 million. In other words, this business jet could bring a company USD 6.06 million in profits.

        In addition, a depreciated business jet could sell at a fairly good or surprisingly high price at used aircraft market. If used wisely, the seemingly money burner may as well become a money maker.

        Improve Team Cohesion

        According to Arthur Andersen’s study, between 1986 and 1996, business jet operating companies showed a significant higher growth of sales volume and stock price than non-operators. While these companies “purchased business jets because of good financial performance”, their business jets had greatly improved their efficiency and team cohesion.

        An alternative to own a business jet is to charter one. But the high cost of charter determines it is most likely a service exclusive to business owners, whether in China or in the U.S. But once a company owns a business jet, the business owners would want to utilize the jet as much as possible. As a result, the leadership team may be able to enjoy the business jet for urgent business travels, improving their efficiency and loyalty to the company. When the whole leadership team travels together, they could also have the opportunity to have casual chats to improve cohesion and harmony of the team, the benefit of which to a company’s sustainable development will be immeasurable.

        But this comes with a precondition – the operating cost of the business jet is much lower than the cost of charter jet. Medium-sized business jet, with its operating efficiency, is more competitive than other size categories. Most business tycoons in China favor the more costly large business jets. Even if the utilization goes up, the cost would still be huge. This is why many global companies prefer medium-sized business jets.

        Enhance Corporate Image

        Business jet is probably the most advanced and luxurious private transport vehicle today. It is a luxury not any entrepreneur could afford to buy or use. Therefore in the eyes of the public, a company that owns a business jet must be financially solid and the business jet could be seen as a symbol of corporate image. If a Chinese company purchases a business jet, it will attract public attention and media exposure if there is wide and continued public interest. The advertising effect, because of its objectivity, is much better than tens of millions of investment in commercials. When company executives travel by a business jet, it will also impress customers or supplies and gives the company an advantage in business negotiations.

        結論:企業(yè)購買公務機要有投資觀念

        公務機究竟是給企業(yè)燒錢,還是為企業(yè)盈利,很大程度上取決于企業(yè)是否帶著投資觀念去買飛機。如果僅僅將公務機當做一輛賓利或勞斯萊斯,是企業(yè)形象的體現(xiàn),是企業(yè)的交通工具,那么企業(yè)往往不會單獨核算一架公務機的成本效益。

        如果企業(yè)一開始就將自己的豪車車隊定位為可以出租盈利的經營資源,開始就分析自己適合買什么樣的車,如何增加它的產值,公務機最終是有可能成為企業(yè)盈利工具的。

        通過以上分析,我們已經知道一架公務機(尤其是運營效率高的中型公務機),通過抵稅、廣告價值、二手機價值、企業(yè)凝聚力等方面能為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造效益,能大大降低其運營成本。事實上,如果這架飛機能夠進行市場化運營,它的運營成本會更低,甚至實現(xiàn)盈利。

        The Investment Perspective of Business Jet

        If a company could realize the direct and indirect benefits mentioned above, the investment on business jet could be deemed as successful. From an investment perspective, a company buys a business jet not to make money, but to have the most advanced vehicle, similar to a car in this sense. You don’t rely on it to make profit, but could use it to help the company more profitable. There is no need to calculate the cost benefit of a business jet. Whether it is worthwhile to own a business jet depends on how it could facilitate the development of your business.

        国产高跟黑色丝袜在线| 国产精品你懂的在线播放| 国产精品免费久久久久软件| 2021精品国产综合久久| 国产人妖赵恩静在线视频| 东风日产车是不是国产的| 一本色道久久88加勒比—综合| 国产人妻久久精品二区三区| 精品久久综合一区二区| 男女视频在线观看一区二区| 亚洲乱码中文在线观看| 人人摸人人操| 亚洲天堂中文| 青青草最新在线视频观看| 亚洲国产一区二区三区| 中文字幕在线精品视频入口一区| 久久人与动人物a级毛片| 香蕉久久人人97超碰caoproen| 久久久久亚洲AV无码专区喷| 日本一区二区高清视频在线| 日本av在线一区二区| 亚洲精品无码专区| 久久久精品国产sm调教网站 | 蜜桃视频在线免费观看完整版| 亚洲美女毛多水多免费视频| 国色天香精品一卡2卡3卡4| 久操视频新免费伊人| AV无码一区二区三区国产| 久久aⅴ无码av高潮AV喷| 少妇被粗大的猛进69视频| 美女露内裤扒开腿让男人桶无遮挡| 欧美日韩精品一区二区在线视频 | 亚洲国产成人久久综合电影| 成年视频国产免费观看| 精品中文字幕手机在线| 大尺度极品粉嫩嫩模免费| 国产尤物精品视频| 中文亚洲日韩欧美| 在线a人片免费观看高清| 国产av一卡二卡日韩av| 丰满少妇弄高潮了www|