鄭 偉，賈 翠華，韓志強(qiáng)

(浙江海洋學(xué)院水產(chǎn)學(xué)院，浙江 舟山 316022)

鄭 偉，賈 翠華，韓志強(qiáng)

(浙江海洋學(xué)院水產(chǎn)學(xué)院，浙江 舟山 316022)

0 引言

1 材料與方法

1.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料

1.2 形態(tài)學(xué)參數(shù)的測(cè)定

1.3 數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析

判別準(zhǔn)確率P(%)=(判別個(gè)數(shù)/群體個(gè)數(shù))×100%，

2 結(jié)果

2.1 單因素方差分析

表1 雙斑不同群體間15個(gè)形態(tài)學(xué)比例參數(shù)的差異

表2 雙斑群體間形態(tài)學(xué)比例參數(shù)的差異系數(shù)(C.D.值)

形態(tài)學(xué)比例參數(shù)Morphologyratios膠南/呂泗JN/LS膠南/日照J(rèn)N/RZ膠南/舟山JN/ZS呂泗/日照LS/RZ呂泗/舟山LS/ZS日照/舟山RZ/ZSC/A0．11310．40990．34360．29580．24230．0230D/B0．01010．21070．13390．31970．19850．1143E/B0．24410．08750．17410．40320．11720．3372F/G0．20030．22080．02460．40570．25120．2373H/B0．23430．38670．15850．20970．11530．3423I/B0．07390．20050．03900．19680．04800．2315J/B0．31810．52830．28690．29040．07150．3918K/B0．18790．45360．19800．43460．02440．3869L/B0．21820．36100．18320．30610．03250．2884M/O0．01100．16620．14460．12780．13160．2599N/O0．08660．18850．13040．25170．05230．2700P/Q0．15610．03160．16990．12560．19600．1754R/S0．26000．25310．19800．01200．53590．5078T/V0．63230．21970．46450．42520．11440．2715U/V0．54240．20070．37250．70900．19890．5598

2.2 聚類分析

2.3 主成分分析

表3 4個(gè)雙斑群體的主成分負(fù)荷值和特征值

由第一、第二主成分的負(fù)荷值繪制成散點(diǎn)圖(見圖3)，從圖3中可以看出膠南漁場(chǎng)群體和日照漁場(chǎng)群體的組質(zhì)心(group centroid)幾乎完全重疊在一起，表明兩群體間的差異很?。粎毋魸O場(chǎng)群體與膠南漁場(chǎng)、日照漁場(chǎng)群體大部分重疊在一起，并且組質(zhì)心之間距離相隔很短；舟山漁場(chǎng)群體與其他3個(gè)群體相隔最遠(yuǎn)，但也有部分交疊.主成分分析結(jié)果與聚類分析的結(jié)果基本相一致.

2.4 判別分析

表4 雙斑4個(gè)群體的判別分析結(jié)果

判別公式如下：膠南漁場(chǎng)群體：Y=17313.024X1-1277.329X2+1068.367X3+75.734X4+196.031X5+358.608X6-8993.451，舟山漁場(chǎng)群體：Y=17303.460X1-1187.629X2+986.290X3+74.862X4+213.588X5+368.112X6-9002.278，

日照漁場(chǎng)群體：Y=17179.162X1-1114.696X2+957.125X3+80.400X4+210.324X5+350.858X6-8853.837，

呂泗漁場(chǎng)群體：Y=17231.939X1-1183.793X2+992.025X3+58.540X4+213.270X5+364.069X6-8916.627，其中X1代表C/A(內(nèi)頭胸甲長(zhǎng)/頭胸甲長(zhǎng))、X2代表I/B(H狀溝至后緣長(zhǎng)/頭胸甲寬)、X3代表J/B(第一側(cè)齒間長(zhǎng)/頭胸甲寬)、X4代表R/S(第三顎足長(zhǎng)節(jié)長(zhǎng)/第三顎足長(zhǎng)節(jié)寬)、X5代表T/V(第四步足長(zhǎng)節(jié)長(zhǎng)/第四步足指節(jié)寬)、X6代表U/V(第四步足指節(jié)長(zhǎng)/第四步足指節(jié)寬).

根據(jù)判別分析獲得兩個(gè)典型判別函數(shù)，其貢獻(xiàn)率分別為52.7%和35.4%，累計(jì)貢獻(xiàn)率為88.1%，表明兩個(gè)典型判別函數(shù)能夠解釋88.1%的方差變化.利用這兩個(gè)典型判別函數(shù)繪制散點(diǎn)圖(見圖4).

從圖4中可以看出東海的舟山漁場(chǎng)群體與黃海的日照、膠南和呂泗漁場(chǎng)群體間差異明顯，呂泗漁場(chǎng)群體與黃海的其他兩個(gè)群體間出現(xiàn)差異.判別分析的結(jié)果與聚類分析和主成分分析的結(jié)果高度吻合.

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(責(zé)任編輯 朱雪蓮 英文審校 張子平)

Morphological Variation Among Four Populations ofCharybdisbimaculatain the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea

ZHENG Wei,JIA Cui-hua,HAN Zhi-qiang

(Fishery College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Zhoushan 316022,China)

Morphological variation among four geographic populations ofCharybdisbimaculatain Jiaonan,Rizhao,Lvsi and Zhoushan were studied using one way-ANOVA analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and discriminant analysis.One way-ANOVA analysis revealed the difference betweenCharybdisbimaculatafrom different geographical populations.The results of the cluster analysis showed that Euclidean distance between Jiaonan population and Zhoushan population was the largest amongCharybdisbimaculatapopulations while Rizhao population and Jiaonan population was the smallest;cluster analysis indicated that there were morphological differences between the East China Sea population and the Yellow Sea population.The principal component analysis resulted in four principal components,the contributory ratios of the four principal components were 23.685%,16.475%,13.662% and 10.245%,respectively,and the cumulative contributory ratio was 71.657%.Scatter diagram of the principal component indicated that the result of principal component analysis was almost the same with the cluster analysis.The discriminant analysis revealed that the discriminant accuracy of Jiaonan,Rizhao,Lvsi and Zhoushan population were 73.7%,78.6%,36.7% and 56.7%,respectively;and the average discriminant accuracy was 61.4%.The contributory ratios of two canonical discriminant functions established by discriminant analysis were 52.7% and 35.4%,respectively,and the cumulative contributory ratio was 88.1%.The conclusion of the cluster analysis and the principal component analysis was supported by the result of scatter plots of canonical discriminant functions.This research showed that there were morphological differences betweenCharybdisbimaculatapopulations in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea.

Charybdisbimaculata;morphological variation;one way-ANOVA analysis;principal component analysis;cluster analysis;discriminant analysis

2013-11-12

[修回日期]2013-12-13 [基金項(xiàng)目]國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41006075)

鄭偉(1990—)，男，碩士生，從事漁業(yè)資源生物學(xué)研究.通訊作者：韓志強(qiáng)(1981—)，男，副教授，碩士生導(dǎo)師，從事漁業(yè)資源生物學(xué)和海洋生物分子生態(tài)學(xué)研究，E-mail：d6339124@163.com.

1007-7405(2014)02-0081-08

S 922.9

A