李 權(quán)，王曉嫻，林金國，江茂生，初雷霞

(1. 福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)材料工程學(xué)院，福建 福州 350002； 2. 福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院，福建 福州 350002)

香樟(Cinnamomumcamphora(L.) Presl.)是我國重要的材用和特種經(jīng)濟(jì)樹種，由于其具有凈化有毒空氣的能力，已成為南方許多城市園林綠化的首選良木。香樟材的樹干、根、枝、葉均具有芳香氣味，內(nèi)含揮發(fā)性成分，可提取樟油，包括樟腦、芳樟醇、黃樟素、桉葉油素、α-松油醇等具有抑菌、防蟲功效的生物活性成分[1-3]。

近年來，植物提取物的抑菌活性已成為研究熱點(diǎn)[4-9]。國外多采用固相微萃取(solid phase microextraction, SPME)技術(shù)檢測(cè)各種植物及其各部位的揮發(fā)性成分[10-13]，其技術(shù)發(fā)展較為成熟。長期以來，人們更多地關(guān)注利用香樟材做成具有防蟲效果的家具[14-15]，其芳香氣味對(duì)人體健康也有一定的益處，但對(duì)于香氣的具體成分及其功能則了解不多[16-17]，國內(nèi)外分析香樟材揮發(fā)成分的報(bào)道也較少[18-19]，而香樟材揮發(fā)性成分的分析研究對(duì)香樟材的合理高效利用具有重大意義。因此，本研究采用固相微萃取的高效吸附和富集功能，對(duì)香樟木質(zhì)部的揮發(fā)性成分進(jìn)行提取，再結(jié)合氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜(GC/MS)聯(lián)用技術(shù)進(jìn)行定性和定量分析[20-22]，以期為香樟材在醫(yī)藥、食品和化學(xué)工業(yè)等方面的進(jìn)一步開發(fā)和利用提供科學(xué)依據(jù)及理論參考。

1 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分

1.1 主要材料

香樟材：采集自福州市上街，樹齡40～50年，將香樟木質(zhì)部邊材鋸切成規(guī)格為5 mm×5 mm×10 mm的試件作為實(shí)驗(yàn)原料。

1.2 主要儀器與裝置

Agilent 7890A GC system 5975C insert MSD型氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀：美國Agilent公司產(chǎn)品；SPME萃取裝置：美國Supelco公司產(chǎn)品，包括手動(dòng)SPME進(jìn)樣器和萃取柱，萃取柱為50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS三相萃取頭。

1.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法

將香樟試樣的表面砂光后放入25 mL SPME氣體收集瓶中，擰緊瓶蓋，將裝有試樣的瓶子于40 ℃恒溫加熱，平衡30 min后，將SPME的萃取頭通過聚四氟乙烯隔墊插入到樣品瓶中，推出纖維頭，頂空吸附15 min后，縮回纖維頭，拔出萃取頭，再將萃取頭直接插入氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀，啟動(dòng)儀器采集數(shù)據(jù)，推出纖維頭，使其在氣相色譜儀進(jìn)樣口溫度260 ℃條件下解吸5 min。

1.4 GC/MS分析條件

1.4.1 色譜條件 弱極性DB-5MS彈性石英毛細(xì)管柱(30 m×250 μm×0.25 μm)，其特點(diǎn)為：苯基亞芳基聚合物實(shí)質(zhì)上等同于(5%苯基)-甲基聚硅氧烷，對(duì)活性化合物的識(shí)別能力強(qiáng)，具有高靈敏度和質(zhì)譜圖完整性。進(jìn)樣口溫度：260 ℃；升溫程序：初溫60 ℃，保持3 min，以3 ℃/min升至140 ℃，再以5 ℃/min升至210 ℃，保持5 min；載氣(He)，純度大于99.999%，流速1.2 mL/min；分流進(jìn)樣，分流比50∶1。

強(qiáng)極性DB-WAXetr彈性石英毛細(xì)管柱(60 m×320 μm×0.25 μm)，主要分析范圍是醇類，混合二甲苯中的雜質(zhì)，苯乙烯中的雜質(zhì)，有機(jī)酸，溶劑等。進(jìn)樣口溫度：250 ℃；升溫程序同DB-5MS柱；分流進(jìn)樣，分流比100∶1。

1.4.2 質(zhì)譜條件 EI離子源，電子能量70 eV，掃描范圍m/z45～550，四極桿溫度150 ℃，離子源溫度230 ℃。

2 結(jié)果與討論

2.1 香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分分析

香樟材由于受品種、加工工藝、地理環(huán)境、季節(jié)、栽培管理措施等因素影響，其香氣的物質(zhì)構(gòu)成有一定差異。合理選擇色譜柱是建立色譜分析方法的重要環(huán)節(jié)，本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用弱極性和強(qiáng)極性兩種色譜柱以得到較好的分離效果。通過對(duì)福建本地香樟材木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分進(jìn)行SPME-GC/MS分析，得到總離子流色譜圖，示于圖1。用計(jì)算機(jī)檢索并與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)質(zhì)譜數(shù)據(jù)庫NIST11進(jìn)行匹配對(duì)照解析，結(jié)合有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，確定各香氣物質(zhì)的化學(xué)成分，并采用峰面積歸一化法進(jìn)行相對(duì)定量，結(jié)果列于表1。從圖1可知，采用兩種色譜柱分離獲得的GC/MS總離子流色譜圖的主要成分規(guī)律基本相同，但也有部分萃取成分以及所占百分比并不相同。采用DB-5MS色譜柱時(shí)，共分離出51個(gè)組分，解析出43種揮發(fā)性成分，占總峰面積的97.04%，分離效果和所得的峰形較好；色譜柱為DB-WAXetr時(shí)，共檢測(cè)出39個(gè)組分，鑒定出34種化合物，占總峰面積的96.04%。采用DB-5MS色譜柱鑒定出的43種成分中，按照保留時(shí)間排序，含量較高的有：左旋-α-蒎烯(4.57%)、莰烯(2.14%)、β-蒎烯(2.3%)、雙環(huán)[3.1.0]-4-甲基-1-異丙基-2-己烯(4.16%)、鄰異丙基甲苯(2.15%)、D-檸檬烯(7.49%)、桉葉油醇(13.85%)、樟腦(38.71%)、(R)-4-萜品醇(1.74%)、α-松油醇(2.40%)、黃樟素(2.96%)、α-蓽澄茄油烯(4.36%)、1-石竹烯(1.92%)等。

注：a. DB-WAXetr; b. DB-5MS圖1 香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分GC/MS總離子流色譜圖Fig.1 Total ion chromatogram of volatile components in Cinnamomum camphora xylem

序號(hào)化合物強(qiáng)極性色譜柱DB-WAXetr保留時(shí)間/min相對(duì)百分含量/%匹配度/%弱極性色譜柱DB-5MS保留時(shí)間/min相對(duì)百分含量/%匹配度/%1三環(huán)[2.2.1.0(2,6)]-1,7,7-三乙基庚烷Tricyclo[2.2.1.0(2,6)]-1,7,7-trimethyl-heptanes5.780.05965.940.03932雙環(huán)[3.1.0]-2-甲基-5-異丙基-2-己烯 Bicyclo[3.1.0]-2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-hex-2-ene---6.020.51913左旋-α-蒎烯 (1S)-α-Pinene6.006.70976.264.57974雙環(huán)[3.1.0]-4-甲基-1-異丙基己烷二脫氫衍生物 Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-4-methyl-1-(1-methyleth-yl)-didehydro deriv6.051.1394---5雙環(huán)[2.2.1]-7,7-二甲基-2-亞甲基庚烷 Bicyclo[2.2.1]-7,7-dimethyl-2-methylene-heptane6.640.2097---6莰烯Camphene6.822.71976.772.14967雙環(huán)[3.1.0]-4-甲基-1-異丙基-2-己烯 Bicyclo[3.1.0]-4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-hex-2-ene8.055.29917.524.16918(1S)-雙環(huán)[3.1.1]-6,6-二甲基-2-亞甲基庚烷 (1S)-Bicyclo[3.1.1]-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-heptane7.722.9997---

續(xù)表

序號(hào)化合物強(qiáng)極性色譜柱DB-WAXetr保留時(shí)間/min相對(duì)百分含量/%匹配度/%弱極性色譜柱DB-5MS保留時(shí)間/min相對(duì)百分含量/%匹配度/%9β-蒎烯 β-Pinene---7.692.3094101-甲基-4-異丙基-1,3-環(huán)己二烯1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene---8.430.049711α-水芹烯 α-Phellandrene9.210.31908.690.478612α-萜品烯 α-Terpinene19.620.27979.100.379713鄰異丙基甲苯 1-Methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-benzene12.692.94979.402.159714D-檸檬烯D-Limonene10.227.85949.627.499415桉葉油醇Eucalyptol10.6115.40949.7613.859416γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinene111.730.309510.730.659517順式-β-萜品醇 cis-β-Terpineol---11.220.079418香芹孟烯 Carvomentyene13.040.189611.850.449819二環(huán)[2.2.1]-1,3,3-三甲基庚-2-酮 Bicyclo[2.2.1]-1,3,3-trimethyl-heptan-2-one---11.970.039520順式-β-萜品醇cis-β-Terpineol--12.520.089421樟腦 2-Camphanone22.4235.539814.7138.719822龍腦Borneol---15.590.239723R-4-萜品醇 R-4-Terpineol---16.001.749724α-松油醇 α-Terpineol29.333.288616.672.408625L-葑酮 L-Fenchone17.580.0594---26香茅醇 Citronellol---18.100.069827胡椒酮 Piperitone---19.180.059628黃樟素 Safrole35.031.899820.802.969829(+)-4-蒈烯 (+)-4-Carene8.260.059622.780.089530α-蓽澄茄油烯 α-Cubebene19.580.339923.290.249931依蘭烯 Ylangene---24.200.119932α-蓽澄茄油烯 α-Cubebene20.903.129824.514.369833[3aS-(3aα,3bβ,4β,7α,7aS*)]-八氫-7-甲基-3-亞甲基-4-異丙基-1H-環(huán)戊并[1,3]環(huán)丙并[1,2]苯[3aS-(3aα,3bβ,4β,7α,7aS*)]-Octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-1H-cyclo-penta[1,3]cyclopropa[1,2]benzene 22.000.629825.030.959734[1S-(1α,2β,4β)]-1-甲基-1-乙烯基-2,4-雙甲基乙烯基環(huán)己烷 [1S-(1α,2β,4β)]-1-Ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-cyclohexane24.840.329125.100.399135β-石竹烯 β-Caryophyllene25.040.749926.301.9299364-萜烯醇 4-Terpineol25.682.0196---37γ-欖香烯 γ-Elemene---26.760.109838α-石竹烯 α-Caryophyllene27.820.699627.770.9497

續(xù)表

序號(hào)化合物強(qiáng)極性色譜柱DB-WAXetr保留時(shí)間/min相對(duì)百分含量/%匹配度/%弱極性色譜柱DB-5MS保留時(shí)間/min相對(duì)百分含量/%匹配度/%394,7-二甲基-1-異丙基-1,2,4a,5,6,8a-六氫化萘 1,2,4a,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene---28.630.099740[s-(E,E)]-1-甲基-5-亞甲基-8-異丙基-1,6-環(huán)壬二烯 [s-(E,E)]-1-Methyl-5-methylene-8-(1-methyl-ethyl)- 1,6-cyclodecadiene---28.840.989841[1aS-(1aα,3aα,7aβ,7bα)]-1,1,3a-三甲基-7-亞甲基-1H-環(huán)丙并[a]十氫化萘 [1aS-(1aα,3aα,7aβ,7bα)] 7-Methylene-1,1,3a-trimethyl-1H-cyclopropa[a]-decahydro-naphtha-lene29.820.099729.130.089742[1S-(1α,7α,8aα)]-1,8a-二甲基-7-異丙基-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-八氫化萘 [1S-(1α,7α,8aα)]-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-Octahydro-1,8a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-naphthalene29.620.089829.300.089843[2R-(2α,4aα,8aβ)]-4a,8-二甲基-2-異丙基-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-八氫化萘 [2R-(2α,4aα,8aβ)]-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-Octahydro-4a,8-dimethyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-naphthalene 30.410.0696---44(1α,4aα,8aα)-4,7-二甲基-1-異丙基-1,2,4a,5,6,8a-六氫化萘 (1α,4aα,8aα)- 1,2,4a,5,6,8a-Hexa-hydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene---29.440.099845δ-杜松烯 δ-Cadinene---29.590.069846L-去氫白菖烯 L-Calamenene 31.020.479930.370.819647γ-欖香烯 γ-Elemene33.520.059630.480.089648[1R-(1R*,4R*,6R*,10S*)]-4,12,12-三甲基-4,5-環(huán)氧-4,11,11-三甲基-8-亞甲基雙環(huán)[7.2.0]十一烷4,5-Epoxy-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methyle-nebicyclo(7.2.0)undecane---31.770.1591491-甲基-1-乙基-2-異丙基-4-(1-甲基乙烯基)環(huán)己烷1-Ethenyl-1-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)-4-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclohexane---32.540.069850異黃樟腦 iso-Safrole33.330.0989---51(2R-cis)-α,α,4a,8-四甲基-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-八氫化萘-2-醇 (2R-cis)-Octahydro-α, α,4a,8-tetra-methyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-naphthalenemethan-2-ol39.150.1998---52α-松油醇 α-Terpineol40.630.0992---

注：對(duì)所檢測(cè)到的物質(zhì)在NIST數(shù)據(jù)庫中進(jìn)行匹配鑒定

2.2 香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分分類分析

采用DB-5MS色譜柱分離的香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分中各類化合物的相對(duì)百分含量示于圖2。由表1和圖2可以看出，其揮發(fā)性成分主要包括：烴類32種、醇類7種、酮類3種、酯類1種。烴類中主要以萜類為主，包括α-蒎烯、莰烯、β-蒎烯等，這些物質(zhì)具有消炎鎮(zhèn)痛、抑菌驅(qū)蟲等功效。莰烯是合成香料、農(nóng)藥等重要的化工原料。β-蒎烯是國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB 2760&2011)中規(guī)定的可使用的香料，同時(shí)還是配制肉豆蔻和檸檬等柑橘類香精，以及人工合成β-蒎烯樹脂、樟腦、冰片、維生素E等的重要原料。桉葉油醇[23-24]是配制薰衣草油和穗薰衣草油等精油的香料，還可配制口腔劑香精，以及藥皂、噴霧劑等，同時(shí)還具有抗菌和抗腫瘤的生物活性，在醫(yī)藥方面常用于解熱、消炎、防腐、平喘及鎮(zhèn)痛等。α-松油醇[25-26]被廣泛用于各種用途的香精配方，且具有抑菌活性，α-蒎烯具有一定的抗真菌效果以及鎮(zhèn)咳和祛痰的作用。樟腦[27-28]在整個(gè)香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分中的比例高達(dá)35%以上，樟腦對(duì)多種真菌的生長具有強(qiáng)烈的抑制作用，是一種刺激性化學(xué)藥品，能夠治療與炎癥相關(guān)的疾病，比如類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎、扭傷、支氣管炎等，中國的傳統(tǒng)中藥老虎油主要由樟腦和薄荷腦制成，對(duì)于緩解支氣管炎效果顯著。Lee等[29]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，香樟的乙酸乙酯以及正丁醇提取物具有強(qiáng)烈的抗氧化活性。采用DB-5MS還檢測(cè)出(R)-4-萜品醇[30]，該化合物可用于配制香精、高級(jí)溶劑及除臭劑，是調(diào)配鈴蘭、紫丁香型香精的主劑，耐堿性強(qiáng)，適用于皂用香精。

圖2 不同色譜柱檢測(cè)香樟揮發(fā)性成分的相對(duì)百分含量及種類Fig.2 Relative contents and volatile components of Cinnamomum camphora xylem by different chromatographic column

3 結(jié)論

采用SPME-GC/MS技術(shù)分析了香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分，得出以下結(jié)論：

1)采用DB-5MS色譜柱時(shí)，分離出51個(gè)組分，共解析出43種揮發(fā)性成分，占總峰面積的97.04%，其峰形及分離效果比采用DB-WAXetr色譜柱的好。

2)采用DB-5MS色譜柱分離的香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分主要包括：烴類32種、醇類7種、酮類3種、酯類1種，其中烴類以萜類為主。鑒定出香樟木質(zhì)部揮發(fā)性成分中含有左旋-α-蒎烯(4.57%)、D-檸檬烯(7.49%)、桉葉油醇(13.85%)、樟腦(38.71%)、α-松油醇(2.4%)等大量功能性物質(zhì)，具有驅(qū)蟲、抑菌等多種生物活性，同樣還是合成香精香料、生物醫(yī)藥、化工產(chǎn)品的重要原料。

[1] MIYAZAWA M, HASHIMOTO Y, TANIGUC- HI Y, et al. Headspace constituents of the tree remain ofCinnamomumcamphora[J]. Natural Product Letters, 2001, 15(1): 63-69.

[2] LIU H, MISHRA A K, HE B, et al. Composition and antifungal activity of essential oils from Artemisia princeps andCinnamomumcamphora[J]. International Pest Control, 2001, 43(2): 72-74.

[3] WENLI P, SHANGLIAN Z. Extraction and determination of volatile constituents of wood fromCinnamomumcamphoraby Agilent-GC/MS [C]. Industrial and Information Systems (IIS), 2010 2nd International Conference on. IEEE, 2010, 1: 557-560.

[4] BEZERRA D P, BRITTO A C S, OLIVEIRA A C A, et al. 998 Assessment of antitumor properties of the essential oil from the leaves ofGuatteriaFriesiana[J]. European Journal of Cancer, 2012, 48(5): S241.

[5] ZEMA D A, ANDILORO S, BOMBINO G, et al. Depuration in aerated ponds of citrus processing wastewater with a high concentration of essential oils [J]. Environmental Technology, 2012, 33(11): 1 255-1 260.

[6] JOHANN S, CISALPINO P S, WATANABE G A, et al. Antifungal activity of extracts of some plants used in Brazilian traditional medicine against the pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis [J]. Pharmaceutical Biology, 2010, 48(4): 388-396.

[7] BUKVICKI D, GOTTARDI D, VELJIC M, et al. Identification of volatile components of liverwort (Porellacordaeana) extracts using GC/MS-SPME and their antimicrobial activity [J]. Molecules, 2012, 17(6): 6 982-6 995.

[8] KORUKLUOGLU M, GURBUZ O, SAHAN Y, et al. Chemical characterization and antifungal activity ofOriganumonitesL. essential oils and extracts [J]. Journal of Food Safety, 2009, 29(1): 144-161.

[9] 何 蓮, 張 宏, 李 琪, 等. 枇杷花系統(tǒng)溶劑提取物抑菌作用研究[J]. 食品科學(xué), 2007, 28(12): 109-112. HE Lian, ZHANG Hong, LI Qi, et al. Study on bacteriostasis of extracts from flowers ofEriobotryajaponica(Thunb.) Lindl. by systematic solvents [J]. Food Science, 2007, 28(12): 109-112(in Chinese).

[11] NEZHADALI A, PARSA M. Study of the volatile compounds inArtemisiaabsinthiumfrom Iran using HS/SPME/GC/MS [J]. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2010, 1(3): 174-179.

[12] DENG C, WANG A, SHEN S, et al. Rapid analysis of essential oil fromFructusAmomiby pressurized hot water extraction followed by soliD-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2005, 38(2): 326-331.

[13] ZHOU T, YANG B, ZHANG H, et al. Identification of volatile compounds inChrysanthemummorifoliumby microwave distillation solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC/MS[J]. Journal of AOAC International, 2009, 92(3): 855-861.

[14] MISHRA A K, DWIVEDI S K, KISHORE N, et al. Fungistatic properties of essential oil ofCinnamomumcamphora[J]. Pharmaceutical Biology, 1991, 29(4): 259-262.

[15] ROSZAINI K, AZAH M A N, MAILINA J, et al. Toxicity and antitermite activity of the essential oils fromCinnamomumcamphora,Cymbopogonnardus,MelaleucacajuputiandDipterocarpussp.againstCoptotermescurvignathus[J]. Wood Science and Technology, 2013, 47(6): 1 273-1 284.

[16] YONG Y, TAO W Y. Head-space solid phase micro- extraction followed by GC/MS analysis of the volatile components in seeds ofCinnamonumcamphora[J]. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2005, 1(3): 173-175.

[17] SINGH P, SRIVASTAVA B, KUMAR A, et al. Fungal contamination of raw materials of some herbal drugs and recommendation ofCinnamomumcamphoraoil as herbal fungitoxicant [J]. Microbial Ecology, 2008, 56(3): 555-560.

[18] ESTéVEZ M, VENTANAS S, RAMREZ R, et al. Analysis of volatiles in porcine liver ptés with added sage and rosemary essential oils by using SPME-GC-MS [J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004, 52(16): 5 168-5 174.

[19] PANDEY A K, BORA H R, DEKA S C, et al. Composition of the essential oil of the bark ofCinnamomumcamphora[J]. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences, 1997, 19(2): 408-409.

[20] DONG L, WANG J, DENG C, et al. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry following pressurized hot water extraction and solid-phase microextraction for quantification of eucalyptol, camphor, and borneol inChrysanthemumflowers [J]. Journal of Separation Science, 2007, 30(1): 86-89.

[21] DENG C, MAO Y, YAO N, et al. Development of microwave-assisted extraction followed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for quantification of camphor and borneol inFlosChrysanthemiIndici[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2006, 575(1): 120-125.

[22] LI L, ZHAO J. Determination of the volatile com- position ofRhodobryumgiganteum(Schwaegr.) Par.(Bryaceae) using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) [J]. Molecules, 2009, 14(6): 2 195-2 201.

[23] MOTEKI H, HIBASAMI H, YAMADA Y, et al. Specific induction of apoptosis by 1,8-cineole in two human leukemia cell lines, but not a in human stomach cancer cell line [J]. Oncology Reports, 2002, 9(4):757-760.

[24] SANTOS F A, RAO V S N. Antiinflammatory and antinociceptive effects of 1,8-cineole a terpenoid oxide present in many plant essential oils [J]. Phytotherapy Research, 2000, 14(4): 240-244.

[25] ALVAREZ-CASTELLANOS P P, BISHOP C D, PASCUAL-VILLALOBOS M J. Antifungal activity of the essential oil of flowerheads of garland chrysanthemum (Chrysanthmumcoronarium) against agricultural pathogens[J]. Phytochemistry, 2001, 57(1):99-102.

[26] de SOUSA D P, QUINTANS Jr L, de ALMEIDA R N. Evolution of the anticonvulsant activity ofα-terpineol[J]. Pharmaceutical Biology, 2007, 45(1): 69-70.

[27] 馬楨紅, 陳淑玉. 樟腦油精藥效及其安全性評(píng)價(jià)[J]. 中國媒介生物學(xué)及控制雜志, 2001, 12(1): 58-60. MA Zhenhong, CHEN Shuyu. Laboratory evaluation of efficacy and safety of camphor oil spray [J]. Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 2001, 12(1): 58-60(in Chinese).

[28] SCHATTNER P, RANDERSON D. Tiger balm as a treatment of tension headache. A clinical trial in general practice [J]. Australian Family Physician, 1996, 25(2):216-218.

[29] LEE H J, HYUN E A, YOON W J. In vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects ofCinnamomumcamphoraextracts [J]. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2006, 103(2)：208-216.

[30] 郭林林, 張黨權(quán), 谷振軍. 樟樹根材苯/醇提取物的Py-GC/MS分析[J]. 中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2011, 31(1): 142-147. GUO Linlin, ZHANG Dangquan, GU Zhenjun. Analysis of chemical components of benzene/ethanol extractives from root wood ofCinnamomumcamphoraby Py-GC/MS[J]. Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2011, 31(1): 142-147(in Chinese).