潘素洪

通過對2007年以來的廣東高考英語題、廣州一模和廣州二模等的語法填空題的研究，筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)逗號在高考中占有獨特的地位。若懂得了逗號之作用，那么高考中某些語法填空題就會迎刃而解。

眾所周知，英語句子的結束通常以句號為標志。如果句子使用了逗號，那么就表示句子尚不完整。就句子的組成而言，簡單句的五種基本句型是：

從上表不難看出，句子最為基本的成分是：主語和謂語。

一、句子之間是逗號，連詞不可少

[例1]In 2003， Professor Dorrity and his wife retired，they came to Wuhan and started to work as volunteers at the Welfare Institute. （2013廣州一模）

句子結構如下表：

通過上表，我們可以得出該句子結構為：“主語+謂語，主語+謂語?！逼鋵嵸|(zhì)就是：“句子，句子。”其中的“逗號”說明句子尚未完整。句子之間的連接，只能填連詞。根據(jù)兩句之間的邏輯關系，應填After/When。

歸納起來，常考連詞（只能填一個單詞）思考的方向如下：

二、逗號后面無連詞，括號動詞非謂語

[例2]They often take children on day-trips，________ （bring）along with them all kinds of food for the kids to enjoy. （2013廣州一模）

句子結構如下表：

因They take...（主語+謂語=句子）后是逗號，沒有連詞表明bring同take是并列關系，因此bring應為非謂語動詞，因發(fā)出bring這個動作的應是they，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語，故填bringing。

三、巧看句子逗號，善辨定語從句

[例3]They also bought a wheelchair for ten-year-old Tan Jun， suffers from a brain problem. （2013廣州一模）

句子結構如下表：

分析：They bought...（主+謂=句子）；suffers 是謂語動詞，其前面少了主語。同時既要充當句子成分又要能起連接作用的，應是什么詞呢？那就是引導定語從句的關系代詞或關系副詞，或者引導名詞性從句的連接代詞和連接副詞。本句要填的詞是代表前面的那個名詞ten-year-old Tan Jun，能代表前面名詞、代詞或整個句子的意思，能在句中作句子成分，還能起連接作用，同時起這三個作用的只有關系詞。先行詞是人，在句子作主語，故填who。

即時練習

請根據(jù)題中逗號的提示，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或用所給詞的正確形式填空。

1. Walked in our garden，______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.

2. The house， the roof of ______ was destroyed in the terrible fire， has been repaired.

3. ______（bite）twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.

4. At the age of 29， Dave was a worker，______（live）in a small apartment near Boston and ______（wonder）what to do about his future.

5. ______（encourage） by the advances in technology， many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.

6.______（tire） and short of breath， Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.

7. Michaels new house is like a huge palace，______ （compare） with his old one.

8. ---Tom， you didnt come to the party last night？

--- I was going to， ______ I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.

9. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder， ______ you wont pass the course.

10. Some of the stamps belong to me， ______ the rest are his and hers.

11. He was very tired of doing this for a whole day， ______ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”

12. I quite liked the idea of visiting the West Lake but wasn't so sure about crossing the Broken Bridge. ______ it was broken， did she expect me to jump across？endprint

13. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation， ______ （close） my book and walked away.

14. My truck seemed to have no problem with the ice that covered the road. I drove very slowly，______， not wanting to carve a path of destruction through Main Street.

15. The boy， who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home， ______（reply） in a way that shocked his father.

16. After a four-day journey， the young man ______（present） the water to the old man.

17. The cheering and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot， ______ （dig） here and there， totally convinced that he would find it.

18. But the dog， after sniffing around for a bit， ______ （lie） down and began to complain about how difficult it， was to find one bone in such a big field.

19. He suddenly appeared in class one day， ______ （wear） sun glasses.

20. Of course whenever they turned to look at him， they had to look at Mary， ______ made her feel like a star.

參考答案：1. where 2. which 3. bitten 4. living，wondering 5. Encouraged 6. Tired 7. compared 8. but 9. or 10. while 11. but 12. After 13. closed 14. however 15. replying 16. presented 17. digging 18. lay 19. wearing 20. which

（作者單位：中山市東升鎮(zhèn)高級中學）

責任編校 蔣小青endprint

13. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation， ______ （close） my book and walked away.

14. My truck seemed to have no problem with the ice that covered the road. I drove very slowly，______， not wanting to carve a path of destruction through Main Street.

15. The boy， who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home， ______（reply） in a way that shocked his father.

16. After a four-day journey， the young man ______（present） the water to the old man.

17. The cheering and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot， ______ （dig） here and there， totally convinced that he would find it.

18. But the dog， after sniffing around for a bit， ______ （lie） down and began to complain about how difficult it， was to find one bone in such a big field.

19. He suddenly appeared in class one day， ______ （wear） sun glasses.

20. Of course whenever they turned to look at him， they had to look at Mary， ______ made her feel like a star.

參考答案：1. where 2. which 3. bitten 4. living，wondering 5. Encouraged 6. Tired 7. compared 8. but 9. or 10. while 11. but 12. After 13. closed 14. however 15. replying 16. presented 17. digging 18. lay 19. wearing 20. which

（作者單位：中山市東升鎮(zhèn)高級中學）

責任編校 蔣小青endprint

13. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation， ______ （close） my book and walked away.

14. My truck seemed to have no problem with the ice that covered the road. I drove very slowly，______， not wanting to carve a path of destruction through Main Street.

15. The boy， who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home， ______（reply） in a way that shocked his father.

16. After a four-day journey， the young man ______（present） the water to the old man.

17. The cheering and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot， ______ （dig） here and there， totally convinced that he would find it.

18. But the dog， after sniffing around for a bit， ______ （lie） down and began to complain about how difficult it， was to find one bone in such a big field.

19. He suddenly appeared in class one day， ______ （wear） sun glasses.

20. Of course whenever they turned to look at him， they had to look at Mary， ______ made her feel like a star.

參考答案：1. where 2. which 3. bitten 4. living，wondering 5. Encouraged 6. Tired 7. compared 8. but 9. or 10. while 11. but 12. After 13. closed 14. however 15. replying 16. presented 17. digging 18. lay 19. wearing 20. which

（作者單位：中山市東升鎮(zhèn)高級中學）

責任編校 蔣小青endprint