建筑設(shè)計：讓·努維爾工作室，亞歷山德羅·卡爾博內(nèi)

2001年，佩魯賈市政當(dāng)局決定將“迷你列車”項目的建筑設(shè)計交由讓·努維爾工作室完成。迷你列車呈現(xiàn)出的是一個創(chuàng)新型的城市交通體系——一條長達3863.3m、總造價近8 100萬歐元的線路，將聯(lián)系起皮安迪馬西亞諾和蒙特路斯之間的城市區(qū)域。它包括一條連接城鎮(zhèn)歷史中心和周邊郊區(qū)的長達1.5km的高架鐵路。2008年1月，這條新的線路以及包括兩個終點站——皮安迪馬西亞諾和平塞圖在內(nèi)的7個車站最終落成。

規(guī)劃中設(shè)計了地上和地下兩種類型的車站。地上的車站被構(gòu)想為輕質(zhì)而透明的結(jié)構(gòu)，在材料的選擇上頗為用心。佩魯賈市政當(dāng)局委托讓·努維爾作為迷你列車項目的藝術(shù)指導(dǎo)，與本地的承建商合作建造。

車站的設(shè)計理念基于空間和功能。它要創(chuàng)造的不只是一個單純的“車站”，而是能夠和諧地融入城市肌理的一件真正的建筑作品。

車站建筑輕質(zhì)而透明。在建筑師的設(shè)計中，通常圍繞在地上車站四周的綠植將延伸進室內(nèi)，并通過配置特別的植物和樹種的變化使其更為豐富多彩。

作為集合交通體系中的一員，迷你列車的整體結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該讓人便于識別。整個項目都處于佩魯賈地區(qū)獨具特色的復(fù)雜的多山地形之中。

這里將介紹兩個終點站——皮安迪馬西亞諾和平塞圖，以及一個中間?？空尽S蒂維戈。

皮安迪馬西亞諾終點站

皮安迪馬西亞諾車站象征了迷你列車的大門。它將成為小汽車、公共及旅游巴士的換乘點。不管是想要游覽城市歷史街區(qū)的游客，還是日常的通勤者——任何一個需要穿越這座城市的人，都可以輕松地把汽車停在皮安迪馬西亞諾車站的大型停車場里。而且，在這個終點站周圍，還設(shè)有人們可以步行到達的體育設(shè)施、露天市場和展會、娛樂公園以及旅游展示區(qū)。車站的地下層是汽車維修店和倉庫。

平塞圖終點站

平塞圖將成為從皮安迪馬西亞諾發(fā)出的迷你列車1號線的終點站，同時還服務(wù)于佩魯賈的歷史中心區(qū)。車站將設(shè)立在平塞圖公園內(nèi)，有機械軌道和電梯直接通往馬特奧蒂廣場。平塞圖車站將聯(lián)同馬特奧蒂廣場的另兩個重要的改造項目——阿科尼項目和室內(nèi)市場復(fù)原項目一起，成為進入城市歷史中心區(qū)的標(biāo)志性元素。在未來，平塞圖車站還將成為迷你列車1號線（皮安迪馬西亞諾—平塞圖）和2號線（圣安諾—蒙特路斯）的換乘站。該車站的地下層將容納支持整個系統(tǒng)運轉(zhuǎn)的發(fā)動機。

2 皮安迪馬西亞諾車站/Pian di Massiano Station

3 科爾托納車站/Cortonese Station

4 從科爾托納站前往瑪當(dāng)娜阿爾塔站/Leaving Cortonese Station to Madonna Alta Station

5 通往平塞圖終點站的隧道/Tube to final stop Pincetto

豐蒂維戈車站

豐蒂維戈是該城市另一個具有吸引力的地方?；疖囌揪嚯x新的迷你列車系統(tǒng)很近，由此，出發(fā)和到達的乘客都僅需步行很短的一段距離并乘坐電梯，就可以在車站之間轉(zhuǎn)換。豐蒂維戈的迷你列車車站將成為火車乘客進入佩魯賈的第二道大門。此外，在車站與城市中包括歷史中心在內(nèi)的大片區(qū)域的聯(lián)系得到改善之后，乘客也有了更多的理由選擇乘火車出行。從科爾托尼斯站開來的迷你列車，將途經(jīng)一段緊鄰翁布里亞地區(qū)辦公樓后車庫的高架線。

通過迷你列車系統(tǒng)，小汽車也將在公共巴士和鐵路體系的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中獲得一席之地。迷你列車將把不同的交通方式天衣無縫地連接在一起，而不會出現(xiàn)由緩慢而不合宜的交通換乘所帶來的種種不便。它就像電梯一樣，可以連續(xù)運行且等待時間短暫，并將在城市中的戰(zhàn)略性位置上將不同的交通體系聯(lián)系起來。

在擁有電梯似的優(yōu)點的同時，迷你列車所惠及的范圍還更為廣泛：在皮安迪馬西亞諾的始發(fā)站，將有一個新的停車場攔截住城市郊區(qū)的車輛（而不是在緊鄰古老城墻外圍的地方）；豐蒂維戈車站將形成與火車站的聯(lián)系；平塞圖車站將直接通達老城中心?！酰▽O凌波 譯）

In 2001, the Perugia Municipality decided to hand over to AJN the architectural design for the"MiniMetro" project. The Minimetro presents an innovative and alternative urban mobility system linking the urban areas between Pian the Massiano and Monteluce－a line 3 863.2 metres long－at an overall cost of nearly 81 million euros. It includes a 1.5 kilometre viaduct that connects the city outskirts with the town's historical centre. The new line, its 7 stations including 2 end stations, Pian de Massiano and Pincetto, were inaugurated in January 2008.

Two types of stations have been planned:above-ground and underground. Above-ground stations have been conceived as light and transparent structures and great attention has been paid to the selection of materials. The Perugia Municipality appointed Jean Nouvel as the artistic director of the Minimetro’s infrastructure, which will be built by an association of local contractors.

The design concept of the stations stem from concepts of space and functionality. The purpose is not that of creating mere “terminals” but genuine works of architecture well-integrated into the general context of the city.

The station has been conceived as a light and transparent structure. In the architect’s design, the greenery that will always surround the above-ground stations will extend inside and be enhanced with particular plant and tree varieties.

The overall structure of Minimetrò should be recognized at first glance, as one devoted to a system of collective transport. The project is inscribed in a complicated topography of hills that characterizes the land of Perugia.

The 2 end stations－Pian di Massiano Terminal and Pincetto Terminal－with one interval station Fontivegge are represented here.

Pian di Massiano Terminal

The Pian di Massiano station represents the gateway to the Minimetro. It will be the interchange point for automobiles as well as public and tour buses. Any one in need to travel across the citytourists wishing to visit the city’s historic centre or commuters – will be able to easily park their vehicles at the large parking area of Pian di Massiano. In addition, the terminal will be located at walking distance from the sports facilities and the areas set aside for open-air markets, fairs, amusement parks,and travelling shows. The station’s underground floor will house the vehicle maintenance shop and warehouse.

Pincetto Terminal

Pincetto will be the arriving terminal of the Minimetro’s line 1 originating at Pian di Massiano and will serve Perugia’s historic centre. The station will be erected in the Pincetto Park area, with mechanised paths and elevators providing access directly from Piazza Matteoti.The Pincetto station will be integrated with two other major reclamation projects involving the area below Piazza Matteoti:the Arconi project and the restoration of the Mercato Coperto, the building which houses the city’s produce market. These projects combined will recreate the same evocative elements that characterise the arrival to the city’s historic centre via the escalators. In the future, Pincetto station will also be the interchange point between the Minimetro’s line 1 (Pian di Massiano-Pincetto)and line 2 (Sant’Anna-Monteluce). Lastly, an underground floor of this station will house the motors operating the entire system.

6 皮安迪馬西亞諾車站分析圖/Pattern of Pian di Massiano Station

Fontivegge Station

Fontivegge is the city’s second pole of attraction. The trains arriving at the station will stop within a short distance of the new Minimetro system, so that departing and arriving passengers need only cover a short walkway and an escalator on foot to get from one station to the other. The Minimetro station at Fontivegge will thus become the second gateway to Perugia for those arriving by train. Moreover, the improved access from the train station to a large part of the city, including the historic centre, is bound to give customers more reason to travel by train. The section of the Minimetro line coming from the Cortonese station will travel on an elevated section right next to the Garage behind the offices of the Umbria Region, on its way to the next station.

With the Minimetro, the automobile will gain a place in the network alongside the bus and railway systems. The Minimetro will join the various means of transport seamlessly, i.e. without inconvenient changes of transportation mode－slow and often inappropriate. Like the escalators, the Minimetro will operate uninterruptedly with short waiting times and it will link-up the various transport systems in strategic points throughout the city.

While offering the advantages of the escalators,the Minimetro’s reach will be broader: at the departing station of Pian di Massiano, a new parking area will intercept automobiles in the outskirts of the city (instead of immediately outside the ancient city walls); the Fontivegge station will form the junction with the train station; the Pincetto station will provide direct access to the Historic Centre.□

7.8 皮安迪馬西亞諾車站效果圖/Rendering of Pian di Massiano Station

9 皮安迪馬西亞諾車站實景/View of Pian di Massiano Station

10.11 皮安迪馬西亞諾車站平面/Plan of Pian di Massiano Station

20.21 科爾托納車站/Cortonese Station

22 卡賽布魯恰特車站/Case Bruciate Station

23 科爾托納車站/Cortonese Station

24 離開科爾托納站前往瑪當(dāng)娜阿爾塔站/Leaving Cortonese Station to Madonna Alta Station

25 卡賽布魯恰特車站/Case Bruciate Sation

業(yè)主/Client: Comune di Perugia, Minimetro s.p.a.委托類型/Type of Commission: 公共/私人/Public/Private

地鐵線路藝術(shù)指導(dǎo)/Artistic direction for the realization of the metro line“minimetrò Pian di Massiano – Giardini del Pincetto”.

確定不同的車站類型和總體線路，對于平塞圖和皮安迪馬西亞諾終點站的研究/Definition of the different types of stations and of the line in general, specific studies for the terminus stations of Pincetto and Pian di Massiano.

總建筑面積/Net Floor Area: 7個車站3 500m2，辦公和商業(yè)2 000m2/7 stations for a total of 3 500m2,offices and commercial 2 000m2

預(yù)算/Budget: 106 000 000 €

讓·努維爾顧問/Adviser to Jean Nouvel: Hubert Tonka

項目主持/Project Leader:

第1階段/1st phase: Federico Masotto

第2階段和藝術(shù)指導(dǎo)/2nd Phase and Artistic Direction:Alessandro Carbone

建筑師/Architects: 第2階段/2nd Phase: Cristina Ventura, Maria Raffaella Falbo, Kristian Sullivan,Livia Tani, Laura Pistoia, Filippo Ortolani, Lorenzo Felici

計算機影像/Computer Imagery:

第1階段/1st Phase: Artefactory

第2階段/2nd Phase: Andrea Ciofi degli Atti, Carlo Prati

工程師/Engineers: Studio Ciuffini/Naif

顧問團隊/Consultant Team

設(shè)計發(fā)展和建造/Design Development and Building Work: Studio Ciuffini/Naif