英語高分作文指的是在考試中考生能寫出達到第5檔的文章。高考中對第5檔作文的評分說明規(guī)定“準確表達了所有要點，應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和高級詞匯，具備較強的語言應(yīng)用能力;并有效使用語句間的連接成分，文章結(jié)構(gòu)統(tǒng)一、緊湊”。根據(jù)這一要求，要使文章能夠得高分，最常見的方法有:

一、適當運用高級詞匯

在寫作中“較高級詞匯”主要包括兩個方面的詞匯:一是指使用《大綱》上沒有的詞語、使用通過構(gòu)詞法變化來的新詞、使用同(近)義詞或反義詞等來代替常見詞語;二是指與一些較為通俗的詞語同義、同用法的詞語相比結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜、使用率相對較少的詞匯。如very用來表示程度，一般考生都會用，但若能用extremely甚至quite，相對very就好得多。因此相對very而言extremely/quite就是高級詞匯。在寫作時，“較高級詞匯”如能運用得貼切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一兩個來替換掉那些過于通俗普通的詞匯，也會使你的作文顯得與眾不同。如:

1. 我對英語非常感興趣。

I’m very interested in English.

I’m quite/extremely interested in English.

2. 我們的校園位于市中心。

Our school is in the center of the city.

Our school is located in the center of the city.

Our campus situates in the center of the city.

3. 這幾天我有很多事要做。

I have a lot of things to do these days.

I have endless things to do these days.

二、恰當運用復(fù)雜句式

好的書面表達句子要簡明扼要但更主要是要生動，句子要有層次，結(jié)構(gòu)值得讓人分析。如果一篇作文通篇都只是一些通俗簡單的短句或簡單句，勢必會讓文章大大減色而失去應(yīng)有的得分亮點，因此應(yīng)使用一些較為復(fù)雜的句式，如強調(diào)句、感嘆句、倒裝句等來增強語句的表現(xiàn)力。使用一些復(fù)雜句式，特別是打破漢語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的束縛而重組的句子將會使你的文章頓生生機和活力。

1. 我兄弟是解放軍， 他時刻準備著幫助別人。

→ My brother is a PLA man， and he is ready to help others.

→ My brother who is a PLA man is ready to help others. (使用定語從句)

→ My brother， who is a PLA man， is ready to help others.

→ My brother， a PLA man， is ready to help others. (使用同位語)

2. 我們應(yīng)當盡力幫助他。

→ We should try our best to help him.

→ We should spare no effort to help him.

→ We should help him as far as we can.

→ We should do whatever we can to help him.

三、準確運用過渡詞、過渡句

有的同學的作文乍看每個句子語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)都很準確，但就是讀起來總顯得前后脫節(jié)，內(nèi)容不統(tǒng)一。這個問題其實出在你的文中少了一些應(yīng)有的過渡詞或過渡句，這樣就使得文中句子都只是一些單個零碎的句子，缺乏整體感。因此在寫作時，我們應(yīng)按時間、空間或其他邏輯順序來安排各要點的運用。過渡詞或過渡句的準確運用加強了句子之間、段落之間的聯(lián)系，使文章表達連貫，渾然一體。書面表達中常用的可起銜接連貫作用的過渡詞、句有:

1. 表遞進: and， then， besides， what’s more， in addition， furthermore， moreover， etc.

2. 表轉(zhuǎn)折: but， however， though， or else， otherwise， on the contrary， while， after all， etc.

3. 表總結(jié): finally， at last， in brief， in a word， in all， generally speaking， etc.

4. 表描述: for example， for instance， actually， in fact， as a matter of fact， in other words， etc.

5. 表推理: as a result， therefore， thus， on account of， etc.

6. 表強調(diào): indeed， certainly， surely， above all， etc.

7. 表對比: in the same way， similarly， just as， on the one hand， instead， etc.

8. 表目的: for this reason， for the purpose of， so as to， so that， etc.

9. 時間順序: first， second， then， finally/at last， soon， immediately， suddenly

10. 空間順序: here， there， on one side...on the other side， in front of， at the back of， next to， etc.

11. 對稱: for one thing， for another thing， on one hand， on the other hand， etc.

12. 因果: because， since， as， thanks to， as a result (of)， etc.

13. 條件: as long as， so long as， on condition that， if， unless， etc.

14. 讓步: though， as， even if/though， whether， who (what， when， where)ever， etc.

15. 遞進: what’s more， besides， to make matters worse， what’s worse， etc.

16. 過渡性插入語: I think， I’m afraid， you know， as we all know， etc.

實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練 用適當?shù)倪^渡詞填空，使短文通順連貫。

As a senior student，I have many things in mind to speak out most.

(首先對校長說)， I’d like to suggest creating a better environment for us to live and study in. We devote all the time to our lessons，(因此)we’d like more time to relax. Relaxation is of equal importance.(此外)， we hope to have more communication with you so that you can learn about our opinions.

(其次對老師說)， we hope you can give us more free time to think by ourselves and smile more in class， because smile is sunshine!

(最后對我們的父母說)， we expect you to have a better understanding of us.

(同時)， to be independent， we need more space of our own.

Only by communicating with each other can we get along well together.

參考答案

First，to the headmaster; so; Besides; Second， to the teachers; Finally， to our parents; Meanwhile

四、靈活擴展句子

句子太短，會使文章顯得零碎，讀起來也索然寡味，平時寫作練習時可試著使用一些從句或特定結(jié)構(gòu)將句子擴長。如:

1. 我們應(yīng)該珍惜時間。

We should value time.

→ We should take action to value time.

→ We should take action to value time to do more work.

→ We should take action to value time instead of wasting it.

→ Valuing time is valuing our lives and wasting others’ time equals killing others.

→ As middle school students， what we should do is to value time and spare no efforts to work on our study.

2. 吸煙有害健康。

Smoking does harm to the health.

→ Smoking results in/contributes to/leads to the damage of the health.

→ With smoking everyday， your health will also break down day by day.

→ As is known to us all， too much smoking does great harm to our health， which should draw our attention.

→ It is reported that many diseases or health problems caused by too much smoking are facing more and more people in the world.

像這樣的句子只要適當?shù)亍㈧`活地使用定會使文章大大增色，當然長句得適度，最好的文章還是長短句、簡單復(fù)雜句錯落有致。

編輯/梁宇清