一、重點(diǎn)單詞

1. benefit

【考綱釋義】 n. 利益；益處vt. 使收益；得益

【備考實(shí)例】

A large sum of money has been raised for the _______ of the poorly-educated children in the mountainous districts.

A. profitB. favour

C. benefitD. advantage

【考點(diǎn)解析】句意“為了山區(qū)那些受教育的孩子們的利益，人們募集了一大筆錢。”考查搭配for the benefit of“為了……的利益”，答案為C。

【知識(shí)拓展】by the benefit of 由于……的恩惠to one’s benefit對(duì)某人有利for the benefit of sb. 為了某人的利益 be of benefit to對(duì)……有益benefit from / by從……中獲益

2. range

【考綱釋義】 n. 范圍；幅度；射程 vi. （在一定范圍內(nèi)）變化；分布；涉及

【備考實(shí)例】

— Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?

— No， it’s out of _______.

A. reachB. control

C. distanceD. range

【考點(diǎn)解析】句意“‘你能射中樹頂?shù)哪侵圾B嗎？’‘不能，它超出了射程?！眔ut of range意為“超出射程；超出范圍”，out of reach意為“夠不著”out of control意為“失去控制”。答案為D。

【知識(shí)拓展】 be in / within range在射程之內(nèi)；在……范圍內(nèi)be out of / beyond range 超出射程；不在范圍之內(nèi) range from… to… 在……之間變化range between… and… 在……和……之間變化

3. absorb

【考綱釋義】 vt. 吸收；理解；使全神貫注

【備考實(shí)例】 She was so _______ in her job that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door.

A. attracted B. drawn

C. concentratedD. absorbed

【考點(diǎn)解析】句意“她全神貫注于自己的工作，沒有聽到有人敲門?！笨疾榇钆鋌e absorbed in“專心于……；全神貫注于……”，答案為D。

【知識(shí)拓展】 absorbed adj. 精力集中的 absorbingadj. 吸引人的absorb sb. 吸引某人；使某人全神貫注be absorbed in 專心于……；全神貫注于……

4. sentitive

【考綱釋義】 adj. 敏感的；靈敏的

【備考實(shí)例】

The elderly need special care in winter， as they are _______ to the sudden changes of weather.

A. positiveB. particularC. sensitiveD. negative

【考點(diǎn)解析】 句意“在冬天老人需要特別的照顧，因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)天氣的突然變化非常敏感。”答案為C，be sensitive to表示“對(duì)……敏感”。

【知識(shí)拓展】 be sensitive to 對(duì)……敏感；易生氣 / 反應(yīng)過激be sensitive about介意……；在乎……

5. mass

【考綱釋義】 n. 質(zhì)量；團(tuán)；塊；大量

【備考實(shí)例】

The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ______ pictures of them.

A. many ofB. masses of

C. the number ofD. a large amount of

【考點(diǎn)解析】句意“這些年輕的舞者身穿美麗的衣服看上去是如此迷人以至我們拍了不少照片?！贝鸢笧锽。masses of意為“大量的；許多”，既可修飾可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

【知識(shí)拓展】a mass of / masses of大量的； 大批的 in a mass 大量地； 大批地 the mass of大部分；大多數(shù)

6. forbid

【考綱釋義】vt. 禁止；不許

【備考實(shí)例】

The students are forbidden， unless they have special passes， ______ after 12 p.m..

A. staying outB. of staying out

C. to stay outD. from staying out

【考點(diǎn)解析】句意“除非有特別通行證，學(xué)生們晚上12點(diǎn)以后被禁止外出?！笨疾榇钆鋐orbid sb to do sth的被動(dòng)形式，答案為C。

【知識(shí)拓展】forbid sth. / doing 禁止，妨礙（做某事）forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid sb. from doing禁止某人做……be forbidden by被……禁止

7. demand

【考綱釋義】n. 需要；要求vt. 要求

【備考實(shí)例】

They ______ that the books be returned to the school library straightway.

A. wishedB. expected

C. demandedD. imagined

【考點(diǎn)解析】句意“他們要求書本應(yīng)該立即被歸還到圖書館?！眃emand后接賓語從句，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用（should）＋動(dòng)詞原形，故答案為C。

【知識(shí)拓展】 in demand需求satisfy / meet one’s demand 滿足某人的要求 demand to do… 要求去做……demand sth. of / from sb.要求某人（做）某事…… demand that “要求……”，后接賓語從句時(shí)用虛擬語氣should＋動(dòng)詞原形，should也可以省略。

8. regardless

【考綱釋義】 adv. 不管；不顧；無論如何

【備考實(shí)例】 All living organisms， _____ their unique identity， have certain biological， chemical， and physical characteristics in common.

A. as a resultB. for he sake of

C. in terms ofD. regardless of

【考點(diǎn)解析】句意“所有生物，盡管性質(zhì)各異，都有共同的生物、化學(xué)和物理特征?！眗egardless of意為“不管；不顧”，as a result“結(jié)果”，for the sake of“為了……起見”，in terms of“就……而言”，答案為D。

二、重點(diǎn)短語

1. 1. all the way 自始至終；一直；一路上；從遠(yuǎn)道而來

He rushed all the way to the station only to miss the train.他一路沖往車站，結(jié)果還是錯(cuò)過了火車。

Don’t tell me how it ends — I haven’t read all the way through yet. 先別告訴我書的結(jié)尾——我還沒看完呢。

【知識(shí)拓展】on one’s way to在去……的路上on the way在路上 by the way順便說一下by way of經(jīng)由， 通過……的方法in no way決不 in the way擋路；阻礙2. take advantage of 利用；欺騙；占……的便宜

I should like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my thanks for your help. 我很想利用這次機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)你的幫助表示感謝。

He never helps me without trying to take advantage of me. 他每次幫我都想占我便宜。

【知識(shí)拓展】 make good / full / the best use of充分利用at an advantage有利地 to one’s advantage (= to the advantage of sb. )對(duì)某人有利 win an advantage(over)取得對(duì)……的優(yōu)勢turn out to one’s advantage 變得對(duì)某人有利

3. contribute to捐獻(xiàn)；有助于；促成；為……寫稿

Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.誠實(shí)加苦干有助于成功和幸福。

Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致肺癌嗎?

She has been contributing to the paper for 5 years. 五年以來，她一直在為那家報(bào)紙撰搞。

4. come up with趕上；想出，（主意、計(jì)劃、回答等）

We came up with a group of tourists.我們趕上了一群旅游者。

He could not come up with a proper answer.他想不出一個(gè)合適的回答。

5. call in召集；打電話

Police have been called in to help find the missing child.已經(jīng)請(qǐng)了警察幫著尋找這個(gè)失蹤的小孩。

I’ll try another call in half an hour. 過半小時(shí)我再打個(gè)電話試試。

【知識(shí)拓展】 call at 訪問某地call back 回電話，回憶，召回 call for 需要；要求，呼吁；接（某人） call out 大聲說出；下令出動(dòng) call up 給某人打電話；征召…入伍 call off 叫……走開；取消，撤銷 call on / upon 短暫訪問（某人）call on / upon sb. to do sth. = ask sb. to do 號(hào)召某人做某事

6. set an example to / set sb. an example 為……樹立榜樣

King fought for political rights for black people in the USA. By doing this he set an example to the rest of the world.金為美國黑人的政治權(quán)利而斗爭，從而為世界其他地區(qū)樹立了榜樣。

Don’t do that; you’ll set a bad example to the children.別那樣做。你會(huì)給孩子樹立一個(gè)壞榜樣的。

【知識(shí)拓展】 for example 例如follow sb’s example 仿效他人的做法 make an example of sb. 懲一儆百take… for example以……為例

7. work out 詳細(xì)擬定；周密地想出；制定出

I believe that you can work out this problem by yourself.我相信你自己能做出這道題的。

He worked out all the details of the plan.他詳細(xì)地?cái)M定了那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。

【知識(shí)拓展】 work at 從事……；研習(xí) work on 繼續(xù)工作；從事……

work over 徹底查……work away 繼續(xù)用功

8. make sense有意義；有道理；講得通

Does it make sense to let children play with matches?讓小孩玩火柴有意義嗎？

It doesn’t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. 這些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非買那件貴的不可。

三、重點(diǎn)句型解析

1. even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句

【課文原句】 Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties， the salinity of sea water affects both its weight and freezing point.

【經(jīng)典考例】 There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely _______ she was an only child.（NMET2005 遼寧）

A．ever sinceB．now that

C．even thoughD．even as

【考點(diǎn)解析】Even though (= even if)意為“即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。選C。由句意可知，應(yīng)選一個(gè)表讓步的連詞來引導(dǎo)，A，B和D項(xiàng)不符合題意。

2. 狀語從句中的省略

【課文原句】 Water is a liquid at room temperature， but it turns into a solid when the temperature drops below 0°C and into a gas when heated above 100°C.

【經(jīng)典考例】 _______ with the size of the whole earth， the biggest ocean does not seem big at all .（NMET 2004 湖北）

A. Compare B．When comparing

C．ComparingD．When compared

【考點(diǎn)解析】當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致，且謂語動(dòng)詞是由“be動(dòng)詞＋分詞”構(gòu)成時(shí)，從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞常常可以省略，而只保留過去分詞。答案為D。根據(jù)句意可知compared前省去了the biggest ocean is。

3. 過去分詞短語作定語

【課文原句】 This mixing of fresh and salt water creates a unique environment filled with life of all kinds — a zone between the land and the sea.

【經(jīng)典考例】 The trees _______in the storm have been moved off the road. (2008 湖南)

A. being blown downB. blown down

C. blowing downD. to blow down

【考點(diǎn)解析】當(dāng)分詞作定語時(shí)，如果它與所修飾的詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式做定語；如果它與所修飾的詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用過去分詞形式作定語。正確答案為B。過去分詞短語blown down in the storm在句子中作定語，放在被修飾的名詞the trees后面， 表示被動(dòng)。

4. “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句

【課文原句】 He led many non-violent demonstrations against racial discrimination and the Vietnam War， during which he himself was often beaten or arrested by the police.

【經(jīng)典考例】 We saw several natives advancingtowards our party， and one of them came up to us， _______we gave some bells and glasses. (2006湖南)

A. to which B. to whom

C. with whomD. with which

【考點(diǎn)解析】答案為B。關(guān)系代詞which， whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí)，可以將介詞提前，放在關(guān)系代詞之前。介詞的選擇可以根據(jù)與后面動(dòng)詞的搭配關(guān)系來選擇，如：Alec asked the policeman with whom he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.（work with somebody）。也可根據(jù)與前面的名詞搭配關(guān)系來選擇。如：The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. （in the play）

5. There was a time when句型

【課文原句】 There was a time when women had no right to vote， could not go to university or choose their jobs.

【經(jīng)典考例】 There was _______ time _______ I hated to go to school.(2004 湖北)

A. a; thatB. a; when

C. the; thatD. the; when

【考點(diǎn)解析】答案為B。time作“時(shí)期”講，是可數(shù)名詞，time后接的是一個(gè)定語從句，因time在從句中作狀語，表時(shí)間，故用關(guān)系副詞when來引導(dǎo)。

6. that和what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

【課文原句】 What all these groups have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect， share the right to work， good housing conditions and education， …

【經(jīng)典考例】 _______ made the school proud was _______ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. （2003 上海）

A. What; becauseB. What; thatC. That; what D. That; because 【考點(diǎn)解析】答案為B。題意“使該學(xué)校感到自豪的是90%的學(xué)生被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取了?！眞hat引導(dǎo)主語從句，表示“……的事情”；that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，只起連接作用，無詞義也不充當(dāng)句子成分，題中was后面的從句從結(jié)構(gòu)和意義上來看已經(jīng)完整，不缺少任何成分，故用that來引導(dǎo)。