雙喜寫作“囍”,又稱聯(lián)體吉祥喜字,是用文字組成的圖案,俗稱“字花”。原指同時發(fā)生兩件喜事,現(xiàn)多用在結婚慶典上,表達雙方歡喜之意?!皣帧睂χ袊藖碚f是一種家喻戶曉的吉祥象征,多被用于婚娶之時,以增添喜慶的氣氛。除此之外,在圖畫、布料、建筑、家具及其它日用品中都可見到“囍”的圖案。
“囍”字的來歷相傳與中國北宋宰相、著名政治家、文學家王安石有關。
據(jù)傳,王安石23歲那年赴京趕考,途經(jīng)馬家鎮(zhèn)時天色已晚,王安石留在鎮(zhèn)上歇息。飯后無事就上街閑逛,看見馬員外家的宅院外掛著一盞走馬燈,燈上寫著“走馬燈,燈馬走,燈息馬停步”半幅對子,顯然是在等人對出下聯(lián)。王安石不由拍手連稱“好對!好對!”隨即信步走過。
第二天,王安石進了考場,答題時胸有成竹,一揮而就,交了頭卷。主考官見他聰明機敏,就傳來面試??脊僦钢鴱d前的飛虎旗說:“飛虎旗,旗虎飛,旗卷虎身藏。”王安石腦中立刻浮現(xiàn)出馬員外家走馬燈上的那半副對子,不假思索地答道:“走馬燈,燈馬走,燈息馬停步。”對得又快又好,令主考官贊嘆不已。
考試結束,王安石回到馬家鎮(zhèn),又特意走到馬員外家觀燈??床杪渥螅R員外便請王安石對走馬燈上的對子,王安石再次移花接木,隨手寫道:“飛虎旗,旗虎飛,旗卷虎身藏?!眴T外見他對得巧妙工整,決定把女兒許給他。走馬燈上的對子,乃是馬小姐為選婿而出的。
結婚那天,正當新郎新娘拜天地時,有人來報:“王大人金榜題名,明日請赴瓊林宴!”真是雙喜臨門,喜上加喜,王安石即興揮毫,在紅紙上寫了一個大“囍”字,讓人貼在門上,并隨口吟道:“巧對聯(lián)成雙喜歌,馬燈飛虎結絲羅?!?/p>
從此,“囍”字便流傳開來。其后,“囍”字以及結婚時貼雙喜,在中國民間開始流行。
作為一種具有中國傳統(tǒng)文化特色的符號,“囍”在首飾中的運用也屢見不鮮,無論是在古代首飾還是在現(xiàn)代首飾中,“囍”都詮釋著一種喜悅、一種典雅、一種意蘊、一種和諧。2008年北京奧運會的奧運村也是按“囍”字布局來設計的,以體現(xiàn)中國幾千年傳統(tǒng)的吉祥神韻。
Traditional Chinese Lucky Pattern “囍”
The Chinese character “囍” is also a lucky pattern, which means “double happiness and extremely auspicious.” This Chinese character often features in the Chinese wedding ceremony. If you have ever attended a Chinese wedding ceremony, you may have seen this Chinese character. When the Chinese people host a wedding, they have the traditional custom to paste the big red “囍” on the gate, door, windows, rooms and the dowries. So, among the Chinese people, almost everybody knows this pattern.
Besides being applied to weddings to promote a happy and auspicious atmosphere, the pattern of “囍” can also be frequently seen on pictures, fabrics, building materials, furniture and daily utensils. The layout of the Olympic Village of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was designed according the structure of “囍” to display China’s several thousands of years of traditional auspicious essence. As a symbol with traditional Chinese cultural characteristics, “囍” is also frequently used in jewelry. In jewelry, whether ancient or modern, “囍” stands for “happiness, elegance and harmony.”