1.While still a student, she played roles in many plays.

1)While still a student為時間狀語從句的省略形式，相當于While she was still a student。

時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句的省略必須符合下面兩個條件：

(1)如果從句中主要動詞是be的某種形式，可以將主語和動詞be省略掉。引導詞常是when, while, as, whenever, before, until, till, if, unless though, as if, once。

Be careful when (you are) crossing the street. 過馬路時要小心。

He wont be here unless (he is) invited. 除非被邀請，否則他不會來。

(2)從句主語與主句主語一致，或從句主語為it。

If (it is) necessary, Ill have the letter copied.

如果有必要，我可以叫人把這封信抄一份。

Ill start writing the novel this winter if (it is) possible.

如有可能，我要在今冬著手寫這部小說。

2)play a/the role in意為“擔當……角色；發(fā)揮……的作用”。

Zhang Ziyi plays the role/part of Yu Jiaolong.

章子怡扮演玉嬌龍這一角色。

The computer plays an important part in our daily life.

計算機在我們的日常生活中起著非常重要的作用。

考點對接

____ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.

A. How interesting B. How an interesting

C. What interesting D. What an interesting

解析：D 感嘆句，句式為：What+a(an)+形容詞+單數名詞。

2.Meryl Streep got married in 1978 and has a son and three daughters.

marry v.結婚

marry sb.與……結婚be married結婚be (get) married to sb.與……結婚

Bob will marry Mary. 鮑勃將和瑪麗結婚。

He has been married for seven years. 他已經結婚7年了。

She has been married to Smith. 她已同史密斯結了婚。

注意：

(1)marry為非延續(xù)性動詞，所以不能說They have married for a year. 而應說They have been married for a year.或They married a year ago.

(2)和某人結婚不用介詞with，因為marry是及物動詞，但可以說she married a man with a lot of money. 她與一個很有錢的人結婚了。（該處with意為“有”)

(3)marry還可作及物動詞，與to連用，表示將某人嫁給某人。

She wants to marry her daughter to a rich man.

她想將女兒嫁給一位富人。

考點對接

——____ David and Vicky ____ married?

——For about three years.

A. How long were; being B. How long have; got

C. How long have; been D. How long did; get

解析：C be married表示狀態(tài)；get married表示動作。

3.This was the moment when Spielbergs career really took off.

1)take off在本句中意為“成名；成功”。其主要意思還有“脫掉(衣服);(飛機)起飛；從……拿走；把……帶走”。

Luo Shengjiao took off his coat and jumped into the iced river.

羅盛教脫下外套跳進了冰冷的水里。

The plane takes off at six according to the timetable.

按照時刻表飛機在6點起飛。

Take your hand off my shoulder. 把你的手從我的肩膀移開。

He was taken off to prison. 他被送進監(jiān)獄。

2)when引導定語從句修飾先行詞the moment, when在此從句中作時間狀語，類似于moment的名詞還有time， days， ages等。

考點對接

There was ____ time ____ I hated to go to school.

A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when

解析：Ba time表一段時間，time之后帶有一個定語從句，修飾a time, when在從句中作時間狀語。

4.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.

by the sea在海邊；by sea=by ship水路

名詞前不用冠詞時，表抽象概念或用途，加the特指某一地點：

go to school上學 go to the school去那個學校

go to hospital 看病 go to the hospital 去那家醫(yī)院

at table 在吃飯 at the table 在桌邊

考點對接

When he left _____ college, he got a job as ____ reporter in a newspaper office.

A. 不填； a B. 不填； the C. a； the D. the； the

解析：A leave college無冠詞表示從大學畢業(yè)(輟學)，不表示離開某一個具體的大學；a reporter一名記者，a表示泛指。

5.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.

1)be afraid to do…與be afraid of doing…

be afraid to do…意思是“不敢做……，害怕做……”，表示因害怕而不敢做某事。

be afraid of doing…意思是“擔心做……”，表示擔心某事可能發(fā)生。

He is afraid to go alone in the dark. 他不敢一個人在黑暗中行走。

He is afraid of falling into the swimming pool. 他擔心掉進游泳池里。

2)when連詞，“當……時候”。

3)in which…：介詞+which構成的定語從句，修飾the scenes。

考點對接

Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to forest when they remembered the scenes ____ people were eaten by the tiger.

A. in which B. by which C. which D. that

解析：A 本題句意是：很多看過這部電影的人，當回想到人被老虎吃掉的情景時，他們就不敢去森林里了。people were eaten by the tiger是定語從句，先行詞the scenes在定語從句中作地點狀語，所以選A(in which)。

6.When the park is hit by a storm, things start going wrong.

1)辨析：hit, strike, knock, attack

hit, strike和knock這三個詞都有“打”的意思，但用法還是有區(qū)別的。

(1)hit意為“碰撞”“打”“擊中”，“腦袋撞在某物上”。一般說hit ones head on/against sth.,很少說ones head hits…。

She hit her forehead against the wall as she fell.

她跌倒時，前額撞在了墻上。

The bullet hit him in the chest. 子彈擊中了他的胸膛。

hit可引申為“使遭受(自然災害、損失、痛苦)”等。

A powerful earthquake hit the city. 這座城市遭受了一次強烈地震。

The death of her son has hit Mrs Page hard.

兒子的死使佩奇太太悲痛欲絕。

hit還可引申為“猜中”“達到”“碰到”之意。

Youve hit it. 你猜中了。

The new train can hit 120 mph. 這種新型火車時速可達120英里。

This idea hit me when I woke up this morning.

(hit可換成struck)今天早上我醒來時，突然產生了這個想法。

(2)strike為一般用語，意義較多，可表示“打”“擊”“撞”“咬”，也可引申為“吸引”。

Strike iron while it is hot. 趁熱打鐵。

The clock is now striking ten. 鐘正在敲十點。

We were deeply struck by his speech. 我們被他的演講深深打動。

(3)knock除了指“敲(門)”以外，還可以表示“撞擊”，可以與down, off連用。

He knocked hard at the door. 他猛力敲門。(不用其他三個詞)

She almost knocked me down before she saw me.

她幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。

注意：knock可作名詞，意為“敲門聲”。

I heard a knock on the door. 我聽到了敲門聲。

(4)attack作及物動詞，意為“攻擊”“襲擊”“攻打”。

Some terrorists attacked the Building of World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. 一些恐怖分子2001年9月11日襲擊了世貿大廈。

The rice was attacked by locusts. 稻田遭受了蝗災。

A disease is attacking the tame birds. 一種疾病正在侵襲家禽。

attack作可數名詞，意為“攻擊”“(疾病)發(fā)作”等。

He was suffering an attack of fever. 他當時在發(fā)燒。

She died of a heart attack. 她死于心臟病發(fā)作。

(5)start意為“開始”。既可以接不定式又可接動名詞。意義上沒多大區(qū)別。

They started to do the experiment last Monday.

他們上周開始做試驗了。

Marx started to learn(=learning) Russian in his fifties.

馬克思50多歲開始學俄語。

start在其主語是表示物時，一般用動詞不定式。

The ice starts to melt. 冰開始融化了。

The water started to rise last night. 水位昨天夜間開始上升。

start充當謂語且本身為進行時態(tài)時，一般接不定式。

Im glad you are starting to see it. 我很高興你開始明白了。

When the earthquake took place, she was starting to prepare supper.

地震發(fā)生時，她正開始準備晚餐。

start后接表示心理活動或精神狀態(tài)的動詞時，用不定式。

She started to wonder who had done it.

她想知道這件事究竟是誰做的。

After running half a kilometer, I started to feel tired.

跑了五百米之后，我開始感到累了。

2)go wrong意為“變壞”。go作系動詞，后接形容詞作表語，這類形容詞或表示顏色或含貶義。

go作連系動詞的用法

go是連系動詞，作“處于……狀態(tài)”解。go作連系動詞時還有“變成，成為”的意思，通常后接形容詞，表示情況向壞的方面轉化。

Now there are still a large number of people in the world going hungry every day. 現在世界上仍有許多人在挨餓。

If you dont take care of your eyesight, you will go blind.

如果你不注意保護視力的話，你會變瞎的。

常用來表示變化的系動詞還有：become, turn, come, get, grow, run, fall等。

Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.

我們的國家正變得越來越強大。

Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 樹葉在秋天變黃。

Her dream that she will visit the Great Wall has come true.

她游覽長城的夢想已經實現了。

考點對接

On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she ____ pale.

A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared

解析：C 此題考查連系動詞的用法。首先排除B項，changed不是系動詞，后面不能接形容詞。根據形容詞pale,是表示顏色或貶義的形容詞(如mad,hungry, rotten, red, pale等)，由好的方面變?yōu)椴缓玫姆矫?，所以用go。

7.The village leader, Mr Tian, asks Wei Minzhi to take Mr Gaos place until he comes back.

1)take sb.s place意為“代替；取代；就座；就位”。也可以說take the place of sb./sth.。

Plastics has taken the place of steel in many fields.

塑料在許多領域里代替了鋼。

The meeting will begin in a minute. Please take your places.

會議就要開始了，請大家就座。

The chairman took his place on the rostrum. 主席在主席臺就座。

辨析:take place, happen

take place, happen都可表示“發(fā)生”。happen常指偶然的發(fā)生；而takeplace指經過安排的必然發(fā)生。

When will their wedding take place? 他們的婚禮什么時候舉行？

An accident happened when he was on his way to school.

在他去上學的路上，發(fā)生了一次事故。

都不可用于被動語態(tài)。

Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in England.

在英國電動火車現在已取代了蒸汽火車。

When did the conversation take place? 這次談話是在什么時間？

Great changes have taken place recently in our city.

最近我們的城市發(fā)生了很大的變化。

2)until引導的時間狀語從句。常用的句型結構是not…until意為“直到……才……”。主句的動詞是終止性動詞。

He didnt come back until late in the evening. 到晚上很遲他才回來。

Dont open the door until the train stops. 火車未停，不要開門。

until用于肯定句，主句的動詞是持續(xù)性動詞。

I will wait until she comes back. 我一直等到她回來。

We discussed the problem until he came back.

我們討論問題一直討論到他回來。

not…until…的倒裝句。在倒裝句中應將not until提到句首。

Not until then did he realize that he was mistaken.

直到那時他才意識到自己錯了。

考點對接

A good story teller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity ____ he reaches the end of the story.

A. when B. unless C. after D. until

解析：D 根據句意“好的講述故事的人應該讓聽眾一直把好奇心保持到故事結束?！?until句型的肯定句。

8.She becomes very worried and determines to bring Huike back safely.

1)determine作動詞，意為“決定；決心”。

同義詞：decide; make up ones mind

He has determined to settle down in the countryside.

他已決定在鄉(xiāng)下定居。

He determines to learn Greek. 他決心學希臘語。

2)determined是形容詞，意為“決意的；決心的”。經常用的詞組是be determined to do或be determined+that從句，從句應用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形。

She was determined not to follow his advice. 她決定不聽他的勸告。

He was determined that no one should know anything about it.

他決定不讓任何人知道此事。

3)determination是名詞，意為“決心”。

They carried out the plan with determination.

他們堅決地執(zhí)行了這個計劃。

We have the determination to do the work well.

我們有決心把這項工作做好。

考點對接

His mothers words greatly encouraged him, so he ____ this time.

A. determined to success B. determined to succeed

B. was determined succeed D. was determined succeeding

解析：B “下決心成功”可譯為determined(過去時) to succeed或was determined to succeed。

9.What does Bill say to apologise for taking the bike without telling Cliff?

1)句中有一個很重要的詞apologise(道歉、致歉)，其用法如下：

(1)apologise to sb. for sth./doing sth.

You must apologise to her for keeping her waiting.

你讓她久等了，必須向她道歉。

(2)apologised to sb. that…

I apologised to my mother that I went home late.

我回家晚了，所以向母親道歉。

(3)apology n. “道歉，歉意”，常用結構make an apology to sb.(for sth.)表示“(因某事)向某人道歉”。

I made an apology to him for misunderstanding him.

我誤解了他，所以向他道歉。

2)without指“無，沒有”，是介詞，后面常接名詞、代詞或動名詞作其賓語，共同構成介詞短語。

No one can leave without permission. 未經允許任何人不得離開。

Little Tom often goes to school without having breakfast. Its bad for his health. 小湯姆經常不吃早飯便去上學，那對他的健康有害。

考點對接

Victor apologised for ____ to inform me of the change in the plan.

A. his being not able B. him not to be able

C. his not being able D. him to be not able

解析：Capologise for后接動名詞，否定詞not應位于非謂語動詞前，his是動名詞的邏輯主語。

10.You are looking for two seats to sit down with your friend, but there are none.

1)none意思是“沒有一個”，代替不可數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式；代替可數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞可用單數，也可用復數。

None of them know(knows) the story. 他們沒有一個知道這個故事。

None of the students are(is) afraid of difficulties.

沒有一個學生害怕困難。

2)辨析none, no one和nothing

(1)none用于指人和物，可與of短語連用，用作單數或復數?？捎脕砘卮餳ow many/much的問題。

——How many elephants did you see in the park?

你在公園里看到幾頭大象？

——None. 一頭也沒看到。

(2)no one=nobody只能指人，不能與of連用，用作單數。可用來回答who的問題。

No one knows what they fought for.

沒有人知道他們想通過斗爭得到什么。

(3)nothing用于指物，不與of連用，通常泛指沒有什么事情或東西，用作單數?？捎脕砘卮饂hat的問題。

Nothing venture, nothing gain. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

考點對接

We asked John and Jerry, but ____ of them could offer a satisfactory explanation.

A. either B. none C. both D. neither

解析：D 由于前文中的人物是兩個，又由于but表示意思的轉折，所以用neither(兩個當中任何一個也不)。either兩個當中的任何一個；none指可數名詞時指三個或三個以上數目的人或物都不得不；both兩個都。

11.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bigger than the ones beside them.

1)a little bigger: 略大一些；常用來限定比較級的詞，除a little外還有：a lot, a bit, a great deal, by far, three times, rather, much, still, even, far, any(用于否定句或疑問句)。

——Are you feeling any better now? 現在你感覺好點了嗎？

——Much better than yesterday. 比昨天好多了。

A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.

汽車比自行車跑得快得多。

2)ones常用來代指上文中的可數名詞的復數形式，表示泛指含義，其前可用冠詞、形容詞之類的詞來修飾。one用來指代可數名詞的單數。

I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have one.

我希望每個客人都有杯子。

These books are very difficult for me. Please get me some easier ones. 這些書太難了，請給我?guī)妆颈容^容易的。

考點對接

The number of people present at the concert was ____ than expected. There were many tickets left.

A. much smaller B. much more

C. much larger D. many more

解析：A much與比較級連用。由于有很多票剩下，可推知出席音樂會的人數比預計的少得多，主語為the number,表語用smaller(數大用large/big,不用many)。

Weve been looking at houses but havent found ____ we like yet.

A. one B. ones C. it D. them

解析：A 句意是：我們一直在找房子，但還沒找到一所喜愛的房子。C、D兩項是人稱代詞，用于指代上文出現的具體的人或事物，首先排除。B項用于指代上文的某個復數名詞以避免重復，而這里是泛指一所房子，故選A。

12.When drinking to someones health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.

1)drink to sb., drink to ones health和drink ones health都可表示“為……健康干杯”，但有to比較正式。

I drink to your good health. 為你的健康干杯。

We drank to each others health almost all the evening.

幾乎整個晚上我們都為彼此的健康祝酒。

辨析：raise, rise和lift

(1)raise vt.意為“舉起，抬起，提高，提出；飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；種植”。

Raise your hand if you want to ask a question.

如果你要提問，請舉手。

He raised the children by himself after his wifes death.

妻子去世以后，他獨自一人撫養(yǎng)孩子。

She raised her eyes and stared at them. 她抬頭盯著他們。

(2)rise是不及物動詞，意為“上升；升起；提高；站起來”。作“上升”講時，是指繼續(xù)上升，常用于日、月、云、霧、物價、體溫、河水、潮水等。

The sun rises in the east. 太陽從東方升起。

She rose from her seat. 她從座位上站了起來。

Her temperature is still rising. 她的體溫還在上升。

(3)lift是用力“提升”的含義

The young man lifted the stone at last.

那個年輕人終于舉起了那塊石頭。

2)touch： to put your hands or fingers onto sb./sth.觸、碰。

Youve hardly touched your food. 你沒怎么吃東西啊。

We touched glasses. 我們碰了碰杯。

考點對接

——Ow!Ive burnt myself!

——How did you do that?

——I ____ a hot pot.

A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held

解析：A.touch觸，碰；B.keep保持；C.feel(to deliberately move your fingers over sth. in order to find out what it is like)撫摸，感知；D.hold握住。