一

One of Nasreddin' s friends loved money very much， and never

gave something to anybody. Soon he became very rich.1 __________

One day he walking near the river 2__________

while he slipped and fell in. His friends ran to help him，3 ________

and one of them knelt on the

ground， holding out his hand and said，4__________

\"Give me your hand， and I will push you 5__________

out !\" The rich man' s head went down

the water and then went up again， but

he did not take his friend his hand.6__________

Again other of his friends tried， but again 7__________

the different thing happened.8__________

Then Nasreddin said，\" Take my hand

and I will pull you out!\" The rich man gave 9 __________

his hand， and Nasreddin pulled him out of water.10 __________

\"You don' t know our friend very well.\" he said to the others， \"When

you say ' Give' to him， he does

nothing， but when you say ' Take'， he takes.\"

二

Doctors tell us not to smoke; but a lot of people

smoke tobacco every day. Long ago， no one in Europe smoked; 1 _________

the tobacco plant was known there. It grew in America， and 2 __________

Christopher Columbus found it there. Later，he returned to 3 _________

Europe and told everyone about tobacco. He said that 4 _________

the American Indian often smoked it. Around the year 5 _________

in 1560 a Frenchman，Jean Nicot，was living in Lisbon，

Portugal. He is very interested in all American plants;6_________

some of them were very different from that of Europe. He 7_________

and the other man used the leaves of the tobacco plant

to cure pain. If a man had a bad pain in a leg or 8_________

an arm， Nicot put tobacco leaves on the painful place， and

tried to cure the pain by that way. We now know that 9_________

tobacco contain nicotin. Thus the word \"nicotin\"， 10_________

which comes from this man' s name， came into being.

三

An interesting new sports in the United States is 1_________

sky diving. People like this sport often form a club.2_________

The members of the club get on airplanes and fly 3_________

highly above the clouds. When it is time， each person 4_________

jumps from the airplane and fall toward the earth at 5_________

very high speed. All of the members have parachutes(降落傘) 6_________

but they do not open the parachutes for a long time. Seen 7_________

from the ground they like big birds. The sky divers say 8_________

that they sometime feel like birds also. Some people like 9_________

to swim in the ocean or play in the snow， but the 10_________

favourite place for sky divers is the sky.

四

The other day my brother Tom was beginning his 1_________

motorbike while our neighbour， Mary， came out and asked 2_________

him if he was going to the station. So he offered

her a lift. She got at the back of the motorbike and 3_________

they drove away. Just before they reached to the station 4_________

a policeman waved to them and stopped them. \"Excuse me，sir，\"

he said，\"You are not sitting on that motorbike properly.\"

\"What'smatterwiththewayI'msitting?\" my brother asked in surprise.5_________

\"Not you， sir，it' s a young lady， said the policeman， 6_________

\"In this country side-saddle(偏座) is not permitted 7_________

when one ride a motorbike.\" Mary made an excuse that she 8_________

was from Italy， where it isn' t considering to break 9_________

the law when people take the side-saddle. The policeman

shook head and drove away. 10_________

五

When a rabbit sees something danger，it runs away. 1_________

Its tail moves up and down as it runs. The other rabbits 2_________

see this tail moved up and down. They know that there 3_________

is danger， and they run， too.

Many other animals use this kind language. When a 4_________

bee has found some food，it goes back to it' s home. It 5_________

cannot tell other bees where the food is with speaking 6_________

to them，but it does a little dance in the air. This

tells the bees at home there the food is.7_________

Some animals sings by make sounds. A dog barks， 8_________

for instance， when a stranger comes nearly. A cat purrs 9_________

when pleased. Some birds make several difference 10_________

sounds， each with its own meaning.

答案

一

1. something--anything。

2.walking--was walking。

3.while--when。這里應(yīng)將while改為when，譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。

4. holding--held。這里應(yīng)將holding改為held，以便和knelt，said一起構(gòu)成平行結(jié)構(gòu)做謂語(yǔ)。

5．push—pull。pull譯為“拉”，push譯為“推”。此句中，應(yīng)將push改為pull，pull sb．out譯為“將某人從……拉出來(lái)”。

6．take--give。應(yīng)將take改為give，因?yàn)闊o(wú)論是從文意上，還是從語(yǔ)法上講，只有g(shù)ive可帶直接賓語(yǔ)(his hand)和間接賓語(yǔ)(his friend)。

7．other---another。

8．different——same。從but看來(lái)，事情的進(jìn)展?fàn)顩r一如以往，故應(yīng)將different改為same。

9．gave--took。這里應(yīng)將gave改為took。如用gave，則要加一短語(yǔ)to his friend，而took his hand是意義完整的。10．√

二

1．tobacco--tobaccoes。這里應(yīng)將tobacco改為tobaccoes，因?yàn)閠obaccoes譯為“各種各樣的煙草”，這才符合人們(people)的吸煙狀況。

2．was known—was unknown。3．√

4．everyone--4someone。哥倫布將在美洲發(fā)現(xiàn)的煙草以及美洲人抽煙這一事實(shí)告訴每個(gè)人，邏輯不甚嚴(yán)密(但如果everyone后有he met這一定語(yǔ)從句，邏輯則是嚴(yán)密的)。故此處應(yīng)將everyone改為someone(某人)。

5．Indian--Indians。6．is---was。

7．that--those。8．第一個(gè)pain—pains。

9．by--in。in that way是英語(yǔ)的固定詞組，譯為“以……方式”。

10．contain—contains。這里的tabacco是指煙草這種物質(zhì)，屬不可數(shù)名詞，且做主語(yǔ)，故用contains做謂語(yǔ)。

三

1．sports--sport。

2．People--People who。此句英語(yǔ)中有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞(like，form)，一種方式是將這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞并列起來(lái)做謂語(yǔ)，在of前加and；另一種方式是在like前加who(that)，讓who(that)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。這兩種改正方法，筆者認(rèn)為都是可行的。

3．on--into。

4．highly—high。將highly改為high。

5．fall--falls。

6．All of--All。all后接名詞，一般不用of介入，如all the students，all the pictures，故應(yīng)刪去of。(cf．a(chǎn)ll of them，all of these，all of a sudden etc．)

7．√ 8．1ike--look like(or：are like)。

9．sometime--sometimes。

10．or play--or to play。在play前加to，以構(gòu)成與to swim的平行結(jié)構(gòu)做like的并列賓語(yǔ)。

四

1.beginning--starting。start在此句中譯為“發(fā)動(dòng)、啟動(dòng)”之意，不可用begin替換。

2．while---when。將while改為when的，譯為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。

3．a(chǎn)t--on。 4．reached to--reached。reach作“到達(dá)”解，屬及物動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)刪去to。

5．matter---the matter。

6．a(chǎn)--the。這里的young lady應(yīng)為定指，故應(yīng)將a改為the。

7．√ 8．ride--rides。

9．considering--considered。It's considered……to do sth．是一固定句式，譯為：做某事被認(rèn)為是……，此處用否定結(jié)構(gòu)，譯為：不認(rèn)為是違法的。 10．head---his head。

五

1．danger--dangerous。此句應(yīng)將danger改為dangerous，sees something dangerous譯為“發(fā)現(xiàn)了某些危險(xiǎn)的事情”，dangerous做后置定語(yǔ)。 2．√ 3．moved--moving。此處將moved改為moving，因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞see屬感官動(dòng)詞，see sb．(sth．)doing...是其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。

4．kind--kind of。5．it's --its。

6．with-4by。此處將with改為by，是因?yàn)閎y doing sth．譯為：用……方式，用……手段，是一固定介詞短語(yǔ)。

7．there--where。where the food is系賓語(yǔ)從句，而there不可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。

8．make--making。將make改為making的理由參見(jiàn)本篇改錯(cuò)練習(xí)注6。 9．nearly-near。10．difference-different。