引言：近來，可以感覺到，節(jié)約糧食的呼聲是越來越高。

據(jù)2018年中國科學院地理科學與資源研究所和世界自然基金會聯(lián)合發(fā)布的《中國城市餐飲食物浪費報告》顯示，2015年中國城市餐飲業(yè)僅餐桌食物浪費量就在1700萬至1800萬噸之間，相當于3000萬至5000萬人一年的食物量。

從場所和群體來看，大型餐館、游客群體、中小學生群體、公務聚餐等是餐飲食物浪費的“重災區(qū)”。

《經(jīng)濟日報》的記者調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)“光盤難”與民眾的餐飲消費觀念、生活習慣、餐飲企業(yè)管理等諸多因素都有關。

對此，近來外賣平臺，諸如餓了么和美團外賣，都紛紛拿出了對策來倡導節(jié)約糧食。

Last week Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations， including the China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association， calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers.

上周，美團與包括中國商業(yè)聯(lián)合會和中國烹飪協(xié)會在內(nèi)的多家機構(gòu)聯(lián)合發(fā)表了一份倡議書，呼吁餐館停止浪費食物，幫助培養(yǎng)顧客新的飲食習慣。

“Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions，” the proposal said.

倡議書稱：“餐廳應該創(chuàng)新宣傳手段，利用社交媒體上的官方賬號和直播，來宣傳和倡導節(jié)約食物的行為。”

美團建議商戶為顧客提供指引——告知食材的味道、分量等信息，方便顧客按需點單。

Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for consumers， including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients， portion sizes and other information about the dishes， to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.

美團和這些組織倡導商家為消費者提供指引，包括在點菜過程中提醒消費者注意食材的味道、分量大小以及其他有關菜肴的信息，以幫助他們避免因為被信息誤導而浪費食物。

Catering associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. On Friday the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele.me， the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform， to launch a“half-dish plan”， encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.

超過18個省的餐飲協(xié)會也加入了減少食物浪費的行動中。上周五，中國烹飪協(xié)會宣布與阿里巴巴集團旗下的食品配送平臺餓了么合作，推出“半份計劃”，鼓勵餐館為顧客提供選擇，讓他們可以點小份菜。

To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms， popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows.

為了遏制社交媒體上的食物浪費現(xiàn)象，抖音、快手等中國熱門視頻平臺都加強了與食品相關的直播內(nèi)容審查，并對線上飲食節(jié)目實施監(jiān)管。

Now if users search certain keywords， such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”， a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.

現(xiàn)在，如果用戶搜索某些關鍵詞，比如“吃播”或“大胃王挑戰(zhàn)”，就會彈出一條提示信息，提醒用戶愛惜食物，保持合理飲食。

Across the country， about 40% of all the food Americans buy ends up in the trash. That food waste costs the average family of four about $1，500 a year. It also takes up valuable space in landfills.

在全美范圍內(nèi)，美國人購買的食物中大約40%最終被扔進了垃圾桶。這些食物浪費平均每年花掉四口之家大約1500美元。而且它還占用了垃圾填埋場的寶貴空間。

The state of Vermont has long been a leader in environmental issues. Now it has just doubled down on its bid to get Vermonters to rethink their relationship with food and waste.

佛蒙特州在環(huán)境問題的處理上一直以來都是表率。這一次，該州繼續(xù)加了把勁，讓佛蒙特州人民重新思考他們與食物浪費的關系。

As of July 1st， it became the first state in the nation to make it illegal for residents to throw their food scraps into the trash. That means everyone in the state -- from businesses to residents – must now keep their food waste out of the garbage.

自7月1日起，該州成為全國第一個將向垃圾桶里扔殘羹冷炙列為違法行為的州。這意味著該州的每個個體——從企業(yè)到居民——現(xiàn)在都不能把浪費的食物丟到垃圾堆里。

cultivate [?k?lt?ve?t] v逐漸形成（某種態(tài)度、談話或舉止方式等）

innovate [??n?ve?t] v引入（新事物、思想或方法）;創(chuàng)新;改革

implement [??mpl?ment] v使生效;貫徹;執(zhí)行;實施

cautionary [?k????neri] adj勸告的;告誡的;警告的

double down on加把勁做某事

bid [b?d] n努力爭取

scraps [skr?ps] n殘羹剩飯